航空油冷双凸极高压直流发电机绕组故障下的温升特性

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32094

Abstract

Abstract:

More-electric/all-electric aircraft impose stringent requirements on the safe operation capability of aircraft high-voltage DC power supply systems. The doubly salient electro-magnetic machine， with its robust and reliable rotor structureand ability to regulate flux under fault conditions， exhibits potential application advantages as an aircraft high-voltage DC generator. This paper first introduces the structure and operating principle of the oil-cooled doubly salient electro-magnetic machine， and analyzes the influence patterns of armature winding open-circuit and short-circuit faults on electromagnetic characteristics and loss distribution. Subsequently， based on a lumped-winding thermal conduction equivalent model， a three-dimensional temperature field finite element analysis model for oil-cooled motors is established to investigate the temperature rise characteristics under normal and fault conditions. Finally， using the winding’s extreme temperature rise as a safety threshold， the fault-tolerant output capability of the machine under different faults is analyzed and evaluated through thermal limit constraints analysis and relevant verification experiments； thereby， providing theoretical and practical foundations for fault-tolerant operation in aircraft high-voltage DC power supply systems.

Key words: doubly salient electro-magnetic machine, fault tolerance, thermal loss, temperature rise characteristics, temperature field modeling

CLC Number:

Li YU, Wenhao LI, Jian ZHANG, Zhuoran ZHANG, Yao SUN, Guangyuan HU. Temperature rise characteristics of oil-cooled doubly salient high-voltage DC generator for aircraft application under winding fault[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(1): 632094.

Figures/Tables 28

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参数	数值
定子外径/mm	212
转子外径/mm	149.4
气隙长度/mm	0.3
额定转速/（r·min^-1）	10 000
铁心长度/mm	75
每极电枢绕组匝数	11
励磁绕组匝数	22×4
定转子铁心叠压系数	0.95

参数	P_O=15 kW	P_O=30 kW	P_O=45 kW
定子铁损/kW	0.45	0.46	0.49
转子铁损/kW	0.33	0.36	0.41
电枢绕组铜损/kW	0.14	0.47	1.41
励磁绕组铜损/kW	0.11	0.28	0.61
总损耗/kW	1.06	1.65	2.92

故障类型	A相电流/A		B相电流/A		C相电流/A
故障类型	I_A1	I_A2	I_B1	I_B2	I_C1	I_C2
单相短路	85	44	42	33	19	45
相间短路	63	51	60	40	47	22
三相短路	82	31	77	29	79	28
单相开路	0	74	55	27	33	47
两相开路	0	66	0	55	48	29
三相开路	0	60	0	53	0	55

部件名称	等效传热系数/（W·（m·℃）^-1）
部件名称	切向	径向	轴向
A相绕组	332	1	332
B/C相绕组	362	2	362
励磁绕组	335	1	335
铁心	22	22	2.2
机壳和油管	8	8	8

故障类型	电枢绕组最高温度/℃	相绕组最大电流密度/（A·mm^-2）
单相短路	215	26.6
相间短路	174	19.6
三相短路	217	25.6
单相开路	183	23.1
两相开路	162	20.6
三相开路	159	18.8

Temperature rise characteristics of oil-cooled doubly salient high-voltage DC generator for aircraft application under winding fault

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故障类型	热限制下容错输出最大功率/kW	最大电流密度/ （A·mm^-2）
单相短路	20（I_f =38.5 A）	26.6
相间短路	23.9（I_f =45 A）	24.7
三相短路	11.9（I_f =38.2 A）	26.9
单相开路	30（I_f=42 A）	26.2
两相开路	27（I_f=43 A）	25.9
三相开路	23（I_f=47 A）	23.6

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