航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (3): 431981-431981   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31981

带网格内筋铝合金壳体热旋压组织与性能

李昊霖1, 陈洪胜1(), 柴斐2, 梁杰3, 王保东4, 聂慧慧1, 袁珂1   

  1. 1.太原理工大学 机械工程学院,太原 030024
    2.中国船舶集团汾西重工有限责任公司,太原 030024
    3.山西众立法兰有限公司,忻州 304000
    4.山西中通高技术有限责任公司,晋中 030600
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-17 修回日期:2025-04-16 接受日期:2025-06-13 出版日期:2025-06-23 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈洪胜 E-mail:chenhongsheng@tyut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山西省忻州市重点研发计划;山西省专利转化项目(202402003);山西省基础研究计划(202303021211045);山西省基础研究计划(202403021221069);中央引导地方科技发展资金(YDZJSX2022A018);山西省重点研发计划(202102150401003)

Microstructure and performance of hot spinning of aluminum alloy shell with internal grid reinforcement

Haolin LI1, Hongsheng CHEN1(), Fei CHAI2, Jie LIANG3, Baodong WANG4, Huihui NIE1, Ke YUAN1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China
    2.China State Shipbuilding Group Fenxi Heavy Industry Co. ,Ltd. ,Taiyuan 030024,China
    3.Shanxi Zhongli Fa Lan Co. ,Ltd. ,Xinzhou 304000,China
    4.Shanxi Zhongtong High-tech Co. ,Ltd. ,Jinzhong 030600,China
  • Received:2025-03-17 Revised:2025-04-16 Accepted:2025-06-13 Online:2025-06-23 Published:2025-06-20
  • Contact: Hongsheng CHEN E-mail:chenhongsheng@tyut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Shanxi Provincial Patent Transformation Project(202402003);Shanxi Provincial Basic Research Program(202303021211045);Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(YDZJSX2022A018);Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(202102150401003);Key R&D Project of Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province

摘要:

薄壁铝合金壳体因其轻量化等特点在航空航天、水下装备等领域具有广泛需求,在壳体内部加装内筋可以提高其整体强度。通过设计分瓣式芯模结构,采用强力错距旋压方法分别在室温、高温下制备了带网格内筋铝合金壳体。基于Abaqus数值模拟方法结合实验探究了不同旋压温度在网格内筋成形过程中铝合金内部的塑性变形机制,对成筋区域的微纳力学性能、壳体的拉伸强度进行测试,结合微观组织、断口形貌对其强韧化机制进行探究。结果表明:不同旋压温度下,铝合金晶粒形态和取向变化较小,呈{001}取向的带状晶粒表现出明显的择优取向;随着旋压温度升高,呈典型的立方Cube织构,但织构强度从5.31降至3.92。旋压温度对壳体内、外表面等效应变分布均匀性具有显著影响,壳体的等效应变数值随着旋压温度的升高而降低。此外,随着旋压温度升高(室温至380 ℃),细晶强化的作用弱化,使壳体的屈服强度由207.2 MPa增至244.1 MPa,伸长率从15.7%提升至21.6%。当温度升至420 ℃时,由于硬质相的不均匀分布等因素,壳体的伸长率显著下降,带筋薄弱处断裂位置在网格筋根部断裂。

关键词: 热旋压, 5A06铝合金, 带网格筋壳体, 力学性能, 强韧化机制

Abstract:

Thin-walled aluminum alloy shells are extensively demanded in aerospace, subsea equipment, and other fields because of their lightweight and other properties. Incorporating inner ribs within the shell can enhance its overall structural strength.The split-petal mandrel structure was innovatively designed to fabricate aluminum alloy shells with grid internal reinforcement via the strong staggered spinning technique. The preparation processes were systematically conducted under both room temperature and elevated temperature conditions. Using the Abaqus numerical simulation method and integrating experimental investigations, this study explored the plastic deformation mechanisms within aluminum alloy during the formation of meshed inner ribs at different spinning temperatures. The micro-nano mechanical properties of the reinforced regions and the tensile strength of the shell were characterized, and the strengthening-toughening mechanisms were investigated by correlating microstructural observations with fracture surface morphology analysis. The results indicate that the morphology and orientation of aluminum alloy grains undergo minimal changes at different spinning temperatures. The ribbon-shaped grains with the {001} orientation exhibit a pronounced preferred orientation. As the spinning temperature increases, the texture is a typical cube texture, while the texture intensity decreases from 5.31 to 3.92. The spinning temperature exerts a significant influence on the uniformity of the equivalent strain distribution on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell. Specifically, the equivalent strain value of the shell diminishes as the spinning temperature rises. Additionally, with the temperature increasing (from room temperature to 380 ℃), the strengthening effect of fine grains weakens. Consequently, the yield strength of the shell increases from 207.2 MPa to 244.1 MPa, and the elongation increases from 15.7% to 21.6%. However, when the temperature reaches 420 ℃, the elongation of the shell decreases substantially due to factors such as the non-uniform distribution of hard phases. The fracture location at the TIR occurs at the root of the meshed rib.

Key words: hot spinning, 5A06 aluminum alloy, shell with grid reinforcement, mechanical property, toughening mechanism

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