航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (16): 231628-231628   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31628

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

基于VVPM/GEBT耦合方法的旋翼悬停状态总距突增气弹载荷分析

王鑫1, 张夏阳1, 招启军1(), 向锦武2   

  1. 1.南京航空航天大学 直升机动力学全国重点实验室,南京 210016
    2.北京航空航天大学 航空科学与工程学院,北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09 修回日期:2025-01-02 接受日期:2025-02-11 出版日期:2025-02-19 发布日期:2025-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 招启军 E-mail:zhaoqijun@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(12102186);国家自然科学基金(12472237);航空科学基金(2024Z010052002);中国科协青年人才托举工程(2022QNRC001);江苏高校优势学科建设工程

Aeroelastic loads of rotor during collective pitch ramp increase in hovering state based on VVPM/GEBT coupling method

Xin WANG1, Xiayang ZHANG1, Qijun ZHAO1(), Jinwu XIANG2   

  1. 1.National Key Laboratory of Helicopter Aeromechanics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
    2.School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
  • Received:2024-12-09 Revised:2025-01-02 Accepted:2025-02-11 Online:2025-02-19 Published:2025-02-18
  • Contact: Qijun ZHAO E-mail:zhaoqijun@nuaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(12102186);Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2024Z010052002);Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2022QNRC001);The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

摘要:

为兼顾旋翼气弹耦合分析的计算精度和效率,发展了一种黏性涡粒子方法(VVPM)/几何精确梁理论(GEBT)紧耦合的气弹分析方法。在气动建模方面,采用VVPM方法和Leishman-Beddoes(L-B)动态失速模型来模拟旋翼的尾迹黏性流动和桨叶的非定常气动特性,能同时考虑弹性变形的影响;在结构方面,基于GEBT方法发展了能考虑旋翼总距突增运动的非线性动力学方程。通过开展悬停状态旋翼定常/非定常气动特性对比分析,验证了耦合方法的高效和高精度特性。以BO105旋翼为研究对象,分析了悬停状态总距突增过程中桨叶的弹性响应特性及其对旋翼气动特性的影响。结果表明:初始总距较大较易引发动态失速现象,导致桨叶低头力矩迅速增大、剖面翼型法向力系数减小,使旋翼的拉力超调现象减弱;在总距突增结束时刻,弹性桨叶相较刚性桨叶出现更大范围的拉力超调区域,从而导致弹性旋翼的拉力超调现象比刚性旋翼更为严重。通过旋翼涡流场分析捕捉到了尾迹的延迟脱落现象,揭示了桨盘平面诱导速度滞后造成的旋翼拉力超调现象。

关键词: 黏性涡粒子方法, 几何精确梁理论, 总距突增, 气弹耦合, 结构载荷

Abstract:

To balance the computational accuracy and efficiency of rotor aeroelastic coupling analysis, the Viscous Vortex Particle Method (VVPM) and the Geometrically Exact Beam Theory (GEBT) tight-coupling method are developed. In aerodynamic aspect, the VVPM method and the Leishman-Beddoes (L-B) dynamic stall model which consider the influence of the elastic deformation are used to simulate the wake viscous flow of the rotor and the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of blades. In structural aspect, the nonlinear dynamic equations which consider the collective pitch ramp increase have been developed based on the GEBT method. The high efficiency and accuracy characteristics of the coupling method are verified by comparative analyses of the steady/unsteady aerodynamic characteristics in the hovering state. Taking the BO105 rotor as a reference, the elastic responses of the blade and its influence on the aerodynamic characteristics are analyzed during collective pitch ramp increase in the hovering state. The results show that the dynamic stall phenomenon tends to occur when the initial collective pitch is large, leading to a rapid increase of the negative moment, a decrease of the section airfoil normal force coefficient, and a weakening of the thrust overshoot. At the end of the collective pitch ramp increase, the elastic blade has a larger range of thrust overshoot area compared to the rigid blade, resulting in a more serious thrust overshoot phenomenon. The delayed shedding of the rotor wake is captured through rotor vortex field simulation, revealing that the induced velocity of rotor disc is responsible for the thrust overshoot phenomenon of the rotor.

Key words: viscous vortex particle method, geometrically exact beam theory, collective pitch ramp increase, aeroelastic coupling, structural loads

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