航空学报 > 2020, Vol. 41 Issue (5): 423403-423403   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2019.23403

基于可行图的五轴在机测量探针轴向优化方法

庄其鑫, 莫蓉, 万能, 郭彦亨   

  1. 西北工业大学 机电学院, 西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-25 修回日期:2019-09-17 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2019-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 万能 E-mail:wanneng@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51475381,51775445);航空科学基金(2017ZE53053);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JM-349);西安科技项目(201805042YD20CG26-(9))

Stylus orientation optimization method in five-axis on-machine measurement based on feasible graph

ZHUANG Qixin, MO Rong, WAN Neng, GUO Yanheng   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
  • Received:2019-08-25 Revised:2019-09-17 Online:2020-05-15 Published:2019-10-31
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (51475381,51775445);Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2017ZE53053);Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JM-349);Xi’an Science and Technology Project(201805042YD20CG26-(9))

摘要: 针对不同探针轴向下红宝石球上触碰点会引入不同预行程误差导致标定精度和效率低的问题,提出了一种用于优化在机测量探针轴向的可行图构建方法。首先,根据包围盒算法计算各个测量点处免干涉的探针轴向。接着,利用机床运动学链建立红宝石球上触碰点与机床旋转轴的关系,进而构建机床转台旋转角度的可行图。为了提升检测精度,以减少红宝石球上触碰点和机床旋转轴方向变化为原则,优化测量路径上探针轴向,满足无干涉且红宝石球触碰点最少的条件。最后,以离心式叶轮为例进行验证,采用此方法不仅能保证红宝石球上触碰点个数最少而大幅度缩短标定时间,还能减少引入的机床误差量而提升测量精度,实验结果证明该方法重复性好、可行度高。

关键词: 在机测量, 预行程误差, 可行图, 探针轴向, 五轴机床

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the contact points on ruby ball will lead to different pre-travel errors under different stylus orientations, leading to low calibration accuracy and efficiency, a feasible graph construction method for optimizing stylus orientation is proposed. Firstly, the interference-free stylus orientations at each to-be-measured point are calculated according to the bounding box algorithm. Then, the relationship between the touch positions on the ruby ball and the rotating axis of machine tool is established by using the kinematics chain of machine tool, and then the feasible graph of the rotary angle of the machine tool turntable is constructed. In order to improve the detection accuracy, the stylus orientation is optimized based on the principle of reducing the changes of the ruby ball contact positions and the direction of the machine tool rotary axis, so as to meet the conditions of interference-free and minimum ruby ball contact positions. Finally, the centrifugal impeller exemplifies that this method can not only ensure the least number of the touch positions and greatly shorten the calibration time but also reduce the introduced error of the machine tool and improve the measurement accuracy. The experimental results show that the method has good repeatability and feasibility.

Key words: on-machine measurement, pre-travel error, feasible graph, stylus orientation, five-axis machine tool

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