航空透明聚氨酯胶片动态力学性能实验研究

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0281

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

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航空透明聚氨酯胶片动态力学性能实验研究

姚小虎¹, 张龙辉¹, 张晓晴¹, 郭伟国², 臧曙光³

1. 华南理工大学土木与交通学院, 广州 510640;
2. 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072;
3. 中国建筑材料检验认证中心有限公司, 北京 100024

收稿日期:2014-08-13 修回日期:2014-10-17 出版日期:2015-07-15 发布日期:2014-10-23
通讯作者: 姚小虎男, 博士, 教授。主要研究方向: 纳米力学, 冲击动力学, 航空航天与动力学。 Tel: 020-87111030 E-mail: yaoxh@scut.edu.cn E-mail:yaoxh@scut.edu.cn
作者简介:张龙辉男, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向: 冲击动力学。 Tel: 020-87111030 E-mail: lhzhang.mechanics@gmail.com;张晓晴女, 博士, 教授。主要研究方向: 冲击动力学, 航空航天与动力学。 Tel: 020-87111030 E-mail: tcqzhang@scut.edu.cn;郭伟国男, 博士, 教授。主要研究方向: 金属、复合材料和泡沫材料的动态响应, 材料失效机理、微观结构分析和物理概念本构模型, 结构的动态响应, 动态断裂和动态实验技术。 Tel: 029-88494859 E-mail: weiguo@nwpu.edu.cn;臧曙光男, 博士, 研究员。主要研究方向: 玻璃材料、无机非金属复合材料性能。 Tel: 010-51167575 E-mail: sgzang@ctc.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金 (11372113); 国家国际科技合作项目 (2011DFA53080); 爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室基金 (KFJJ14-2M); 亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主研究课题 (2014ZC18)

Experimental study on dynamic mechanical behavior of aerospace- transparent polyurethane interlayer

YAO Xiaohu¹, ZHANG Longhui¹, ZHANG Xiaoqing¹, GUO Weiguo², ZANG Shuguang³

1. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China;
3. China Building Material Test and Certification Center Co.Ltd., Beijing 100024, China

Received:2014-08-13 Revised:2014-10-17 Online:2015-07-15 Published:2014-10-23
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (11372113); International Scientific and Technological Cooperation and Special Projects (2011DFA53080); State Key Laboratory of Explosion of Science and Technology (KFJJ14-2M); Independent Research of State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science (2014ZC18)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对夹层玻璃中聚氨酯胶片的动态力学性能进行系统研究,可以为飞机和高铁风挡玻璃抗冲击性能的设计提供可靠的材料数据和模型。利用温度控制的Hopkinson 拉、压杆试验装置和微型材料试验机(MTS5587)对聚氨酯胶片在-40~50 ℃温度范围、0.001~6 500 s^-1应变率范围内的力学行为进行了系统研究。结果表明:航空透明聚氨酯的力学性能具有明显的温度敏感性和应变率敏感性,随着应变率提高或温度降低,聚氨酯胶片的流动应力和割线模量也相应增加,表现出明显的应变率和温度效应,同时两者可能有一定的等效性。温度从-20 ℃下降到-40 ℃时,应力-应变曲线变化显著,表现出向玻璃态转变的特性。在0 ℃以上的温度时,同应变率下,动态拉伸应力-应变曲线的应力值要低于动态压缩曲线的应力值。而在温度低于0 ℃时,在同应变率下,动态拉伸应力-应变曲线的应力值则高于动态压缩曲线的应力值。

关键词: 夹层风挡, 透明聚氨酯胶片, Hopkinson杆, 温度效应, 应变率效应

Abstract:

Study on the dynamic properties of the polyurethane interlayer of laminated glass can provide material data and model for the impact resistance design of windshield of aircraft and high speed rail. The mechanical behavior of the polyurethane interlayer was investigated experimentally with the temperatures from -40 ℃ to 50 ℃ and strain rates from 0.001 s^-1 to 6 500 s^-1. Tests were performed by MTS5587 servo hydraulic testing machine and the split Hopkinson tension and compression bar, for low and high strain rate tests respectively. The obtained results show that the dynamic tensile response of the polyurethane interlayer is sensitive to temperature and strain rate. As strain rate increases and temperature decreases, flow stress goes up and hardening resistance behavior becomes more apparent. When the temperature decreases from -20 ℃ to -40 ℃, the stress-strain curves change significantly, the specimen transmits from a rubbery behavior to a glassy behavior. When the temperature is above 0 ℃, at a certain strain rate, dynamic tensile stresses are lower than dynamic compressive stresses, but when the temperature is below 0 ℃, dynamic tensile stresses are higher than dynamic compressive stress at the same strain.

Key words: laminated windshield, transparent polyurethane interlayer, Hopkinson bar, temperature effect, strain rate effect

姚小虎, 张龙辉, 张晓晴, 郭伟国, 臧曙光. 航空透明聚氨酯胶片动态力学性能实验研究[J]. 航空学报, 2015, 36(7): 2236-2243.

YAO Xiaohu, ZHANG Longhui, ZHANG Xiaoqing, GUO Weiguo, ZANG Shuguang. Experimental study on dynamic mechanical behavior of aerospace- transparent polyurethane interlayer[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2015, 36(7): 2236-2243.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

航空透明聚氨酯胶片动态力学性能实验研究

Experimental study on dynamic mechanical behavior of aerospace- transparent polyurethane interlayer

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