航空学报 > 2014, Vol. 35 Issue (9): 2540-2550   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0039

一种用于高分辨扇扫成像的MIMO阵列

刘雄厚, 孙超, 卓颉, 马茜, 潘浩   

  1. 西北工业大学 声学工程研究所, 陕西 西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-24 修回日期:2014-04-04 出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 孙超,Tel.:029-88495114 E-mail:csun@nwpu.edu.cn E-mail:csun@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘雄厚 男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:阵列信号处理,MIMO阵列成像。E-mail:liu102485@126.com;孙超 女,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:阵列信号处理,自适应信号处理。Tel:029-88495114 E-mail:csun@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(11104222);西北工业大学博士论文创新基金(CX201101)

An MIMO Array for High-resolution Sector-scan Imaging

LIU Xionghou, SUN Chao, ZHUO Jie, MA Qian, PAN Hao   

  1. Institute of Acoustic Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
  • Received:2013-06-24 Revised:2014-04-04 Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-04-09
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (11104222); Doctorate Foundation of Northwestern Polytechnical University (CX201101)

摘要:

为了提高扇扫成像系统的方位分辨率,设计了一种具有高方位分辨率的多输入多输出(MIMO)阵列。首先,建立了同时适用于窄带和宽带信号的MIMO阵列与虚拟阵列之间的等效模型。在分析匹配滤波输出成分的基础上,证明了当发射信号具有良好相关特性时,MIMO阵列的匹配滤波输出可等效为单输入多输出(SIMO)阵列上经过脉冲压缩后的回波。接着,根据这一等效关系,获得了与MIMO阵列等效的虚拟阵列中虚拟发射阵元与虚拟接收阵元坐标解析解。最后,在约束阵列物理尺寸为固定值的前提下,利用该解析解设计出一种由2个发射阵元和一条接收均匀线阵列(ULA)组成的MIMO阵列。理论推导和仿真结果表明:所设计的MIMO阵列可以在恒定的物理尺寸和虚拟阵列为均匀直线阵的前提下,获得优于其他MIMO阵列和SIMO阵列的方位分辨率。

关键词: 成像技术, 扇扫成像, 高分辨, MIMO阵列, 阵列处理, 阵列设计

Abstract:

For increasing the cross-range resolution of the sector-scan imaging system, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array with high cross-range resolution is designed in this paper. Firstly, the general equialent model for both narrowband and wideband signals between the MIMO array and its virtual array is established. When transmitting waveforms have good auto-and cross-correlation properties, the outputs of matched filters of the MIMO array are equivalent to the range-compressed echoes of a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) array and hence. In this case, the MIMO array is equivalent to a virtual array. Then, basing on the equivalence the analytical solutions of coordinates of virtual transmitting and receiving elements are given based on the equivalence. Then, under the condition of using constant array physical size, a new MIMO array composed of two transmitting elements and N-element receiving uniform linear array (ULA) is designed. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the designed MIMO array obtains the best cross-range resolution, when compared to the SIMO array and other MIMO array layouts with the same physical size.

Key words: imaging technique, sector-scan imaging, high-resolution, MIMO array, array processing, array design

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