航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (17): 632709-632709   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32709

铝粉燃料水冲压发动机火焰吹熄特性

惠士轩1, 钱喜乐2, 黄曦1,3, 刘尚1, 孙殿龙1, 宋乃孟1, 闫涛1, 齐辉1,4, 刘平安1,4,5()   

  1. 1.哈尔滨工程大学 航天与建筑工程学院,哈尔滨 150001
    2.航天推进技术研究院,西安 710100
    3.西安航天动力研究所 航天液体动力全国重点实验室,西安 710100
    4.哈尔滨工程大学 航行器跨介质技术重点实验室,哈尔滨 150001
    5.河北汉光重工有限责任公司 双介质动力技术重点实验室,邯郸 056017
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-26 修回日期:2025-09-12 接受日期:2025-10-17 出版日期:2025-10-28 发布日期:2025-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 刘平安 E-mail:liupingan631@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22305053);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3072025KX0201);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3072024XX0201)

Flame blow-off characteristics in an aluminum powder-fueled water ramjet engine

Shixuan HUI1, Xile QIAN2, Xi HUANG1,3, Shang LIU1, Dianlong SUN1, Naimeng SONG1, Tao YAN1, Hui QI1,4, Ping’an LIU1,4,5()   

  1. 1.College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin  150001,China
    2.Institute of Aerospace Propulsion Technology,Xi’an  710100,China
    3.National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion,Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Xi’an  710100,China
    4.Key Laboratory of Vehicle Transmedia Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin  150001,China
    5.Key Laboratory of Dual Medium Power Technology,Hebei Hanguang Industry Co. ,Ltd. ,Handan  056017,China
  • Received:2025-08-26 Revised:2025-09-12 Accepted:2025-10-17 Online:2025-10-28 Published:2025-10-24
  • Contact: Ping’an LIU E-mail:liupingan631@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(22305053);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3072025KX0201)

摘要:

铝粉燃料水冲压发动机在水下高速推进和空水跨介质领域展现出广阔应用前景,然而过大的粉末喷注速度会导致燃烧室内部火焰无法驻定甚至吹熄。通过试验和数值模拟手段探究了铝粉燃料水冲压发动机的火焰吹熄特性,旨在为发动机的稳定点火工作范围界定以及粉末喷注速度设计提供指导。研究表明,在当前试验工况下发动机近吹熄极限为48 m/s。增加粉末喷注速度降低了颗粒与周围水蒸气掺混度以及氧燃比。在50 m/s低速吹熄工况下,一次进水口前方火焰短暂存在,随后发生吹熄;在60 m/s高速吹熄工况下,火焰形成后直接被吹离燃烧室。建立了基于Damköhler数(Da)的颗粒点火条件分析方法,发现随着喷注速度提高,颗粒Da下降;稳定火焰工况下点火潜力高于60%,近吹熄时则降至43.6%。近吹熄条件下Da的典型特征为“端点分布模式”,即低Da颗粒占比显著上升,高Da颗粒急剧减少,中值区间Da颗粒变化相对较小。

关键词: 铝粉燃料, 水冲压发动机, 燃料喷注, 火焰吹熄, Damk?hler数(Da)

Abstract:

Aluminum powder-fueled water ramjet engines demonstrate promising application potential in high-speed underwater propulsion and air-water trans-medium vehicles. However, excessively high powder injection velocities may prevent flame stabilization in the combustion chamber and even lead to blow-off. This study investigates the flame blow-off characteristics of such engines through experimental and numerical methods, aiming to delineate the stable ignition operating range and provide guidance for the design of powder injection velocities. The results indicate that the near-blow-off limit under the current experimental conditions is 48 m/s. Increasing the injection velocity reduces the mixing efficiency between aluminum particles and surrounding steam as well as the local oxygen-fuel ratio. Under the low-velocity blow-off condition of 50 m/s, a transient flame is established ahead of the primary water inlet before eventual blow-off occurs. In contrast, under the high-velocity blow-off condition of 60 m/s, the flame is directly expelled from the combustor once formed. A particle ignition analysis method based on the Damköhler number (Da) was established, revealing that the average Da decreases with increasing injection velocity. The ignition potential remains above 60% under stable flame conditions but drops to 43.6% near the blow-off limit. A characteristic “end-cluster distribution pattern” of Da is observed near blow-off condition, manifested by a significant increase in low-Da particles, a sharp decrease in high-Da particles, and relatively slight variation in the mid-range Da particles.

Key words: aluminum powder fuel, water ramjet engine, fuel injection, flame blow-off, Damk?hler number (Da)

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