关键词: 氢能源飞机, 纯电飞机, 氢燃料电池飞机, 损失航程, 储氢质量分数

Abstract:

With the increasingly strict carbon emission policy， green air travel has become one of the new goals of civil aircraft design. The efficiency of civil aircraft engines with traditional energy is limited， making it difficult to significantly reduce carbon emissions. Therefore， design schemes of new energy have become a hot research topic. The factors affecting the range of hydrogen turbofan， hydrogen fuel cell and fully electric aircraft are summarized. The range of hydrogen turbofan aircraft （lift-drag ratio is 17， operating empty weight fraction is 0.6） increases with the increase of hydrogen tank system mass fraction and hydrogen storage mass fraction. Under the current hydrogen storage mass fraction of 15%， the maximum range of hydrogen turbofan civil aircraft can reach 3 800 km. When the hydrogen storage mass fraction reaches 32%–36%， the hydrogen turbofan civil aircraft will achieve the same range as the fuel aircraft. The range of hydrogen fuel cell aircraft （lift-drag ratio is 17， operating empty weight fraction is 0.6） increases with the increase of hydrogen fuel cell power density， and the range decreases with the increase of flight speed.Under the current conditions of hydrogen storage mass fraction of 15% and hydrogen fuel cell power density of 2 kW/kg， the maximum range of hydrogen fuel cell regional and narrow-body aircraft can reach 4 000 km， though achieving high-speed flight remains challenging. When the hydrogen fuel cell power density increases to 3 kW/kg， the aircraft will be able to cruise at Mach number 0.75.The range of fully electric aircraft （good lift-drag ratio is 18， operating empty weight fraction is 0.6） increases linearly with the increase of lift-drag ratio， battery energy density and battery mass fraction. Under the current battery energy density of 200 W·h/kg， the maximum range of the fully electric aircraft can reach 200–300 km. When the battery energy density reaches 500 W·h/kg， the maximum range can reach 700 km.

Key words: hydrogen energy aircraft, electric aircraft, hydrogen fuel cell aircraft, lost range, hydrogen storage mass fractions