面向空间频谱感知的微波光子时频参数分析技术综述

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30529

深空光电测量与智能感知技术专栏

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面向空间频谱感知的微波光子时频参数分析技术综述

陈阳¹(), 蒋驰¹, 王璐², 郭绍刚², 石泰峡¹

^1.华东师范大学通信与电子工程学院上海市多维度信息处理重点实验室，上海 200241
^2.北京控制工程研究所空间光电测量与感知实验室，北京 100190

收稿日期:2024-04-16 修回日期:2024-05-18 接受日期:2024-06-11 出版日期:2024-06-18 发布日期:2024-06-14
通讯作者: 陈阳 E-mail:ychen@ce.ecnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
北京控制工程研究所空间光电测量与感知实验室开放基金(LabSOMP-2023-05);国家自然科学基金(62371191)

Review of microwave photonic time-frequency analysis techniques for spectrum sensing in space

Yang CHEN¹(), Chi JIANG¹, Lu WANG², Shaogang GUO², Taixia SHI¹

^1.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing，School of Communication and Electronic Engineering，East China Normal University，Shanghai 200241，China
^2.Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Lab，Beijing Institute of Control Engineering，Beijing 100190，China

Received:2024-04-16 Revised:2024-05-18 Accepted:2024-06-11 Online:2024-06-18 Published:2024-06-14
Contact: Yang CHEN E-mail:ychen@ce.ecnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Lab.?, Beijing Institute of Control Engineering(LabSOMP-2023-05);National Natural Science Foundation of China(62371191)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在空间应用中，频谱感知系统通过分析周围太空环境的电磁频谱使用情况，可以及时获取频谱空穴，感知电磁频谱干扰、电磁武器攻击和主动雷达探测，为我方空间单位的准确决策和长期稳定运行提供保障。面向未来空间竞争中对大带宽、高频率射频信号频谱感知的迫切需求，微波光子频谱感知方案因其可以克服传统电子学方案的“电子瓶颈”而获得了广泛关注。在微波光子频率测量基础上附加额外时间维度信息，可以获取更全面的空间电磁频谱信息。全面概述了微波光子时频参数分析技术的研究进展，分别对基于多周期积累的时频参数分析方法、基于光学色散和频时映射的时频参数分析方法以及基于光学扫频和频时映射的时频参数分析方法进行了系统的综述，并对一些典型方案的参数指标进行了对比。最后，进行了总结，并讨论了微波光子时频分析技术在空间应用及光子芯片集成方面的前景。

关键词: 频谱感知, 微波光子学, 频率测量, 频率-时间映射, 时频参数分析, 受激布里渊散射, 色散

Abstract:

In space applications， spectrum sensing systems can timely identify spectrum holes， perceive electromagnetic spectrum interference， electromagnetic weapon attacks， and active radar detection by analyzing the spectrum usage of the surrounding electromagnetic environment of outer space， and guarantee accurate decision-making and long-term stable operation of our space units. In response to the urgent need for spectrum sensing of large-bandwidth and high-frequency radio frequency signals in future space competition， microwave photonic spectrum sensing solutions have garnered widespread attention due to their ability to overcome the “electronic bottleneck” of conventional electronics-based solutions. By incorporating additional temporal dimension information into microwave photonic frequency measurement， more comprehensive electromagnetic spectrum information in space can be obtained. The research progress of microwave photonic time-frequency analysis techniques are comprehensively summarized， and time-frequency analysis techniques based on multi-period accumulation， time-frequency analysis techniques based on dispersion and frequency-to-time mapping， and time-frequency analysis techniques based on optical frequency sweeping and frequency-to-time-mapping are systematically reviewied. A comparison of the parameter indicators of some typical solutions is conducted. The prospects of microwave photonic time-frequency analysis technology in space applications and photonic integrated circuits are also discussed.

Key words: spectrum sensing, microwave photonics, frequency measurement, frequency-to-time mapping, time-frequency analysis, stimulated Brillouin scattering, dispersion

中图分类号:

陈阳, 蒋驰, 王璐, 郭绍刚, 石泰峡. 面向空间频谱感知的微波光子时频参数分析技术综述[J]. 航空学报, 2025, 46(3): 630529.

Yang CHEN, Chi JIANG, Lu WANG, Shaogang GUO, Taixia SHI. Review of microwave photonic time-frequency analysis techniques for spectrum sensing in space[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(3): 630529.

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

参考文献	关键技术		实时带宽/GHz	频率分辨率/MHz	时间分辨率/ns
文献［31］	多周期积累		27.5
文献［32］*	多周期积累		3.9	15	90
文献［34］	光学色散和频时映射		2.43	340.3	5
文献［35］**			92	110	1.5
文献［36］			1.98	60	6.25
文献［23］***	光学扫频和频时映射	扫频光滤波器	25	5 000	1 000
文献［38］**		电扫频源	12	60	500
文献［42］		直调激光器	4	60	10 000
文献［46］		光注入	10	200~300	800
文献［48］**		电扫频源和信道化	12	35	400

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面向空间频谱感知的微波光子时频参数分析技术综述

Review of microwave photonic time-frequency analysis techniques for spectrum sensing in space

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