航空学报 > 2024, Vol. 45 Issue (S1): 730570-730570   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30570

过冷大水滴环境粒径分布模拟方法研究进展

王利平(), 王福新, 刘洪   

  1. 上海交通大学 航空航天学院,上海 200240
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-22 修回日期:2024-05-09 接受日期:2024-05-27 出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-05-29
  • 通讯作者: 王利平 E-mail:lipingwang@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52202447);上海市青年科技英才杨帆计划(22YF1419000)

Research progress on simulation methods of drop diameter distribution in supercooled large drop icing conditions

Liping WANG(), Fuxin WANG, Hong LIU   

  1. School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China
  • Received:2024-04-22 Revised:2024-05-09 Accepted:2024-05-27 Online:2024-12-25 Published:2024-05-29
  • Contact: Liping WANG E-mail:lipingwang@sjtu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52202447);Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1419000)

摘要:

自20世纪末至今,过冷大水滴(SLD)结冰条件(14 CFR 25部附录O)飞机结冰现象备受关注。相比于大气结冰条件(14 CFR 25部附录C),其对飞行安全的影响更为恶劣。SLD结冰条件模拟是开展地面SLD结冰试验的必备前提,对SLD防除冰系统设计及试验验证至关重要。本文分析了实现SLD结冰条件粒径分布模拟需满足的典型特征。对国内外近30年来世界主要结冰研究机构对SLD结冰条件粒径分布模拟方法研究及发展进程进行了梳理。发现冻毛毛雨(FZDZ)条件粒径分布模拟技术主要经历了4个阶段:增大喷雾的体积中值直径(MVD)、交替发生不同大小MVD云雾、调控水压同时发生不同MVD云雾及使用2套独立可控MVD云雾发生系统;冻雨(FZRA)粒径分布模拟面临更大挑战,目前还处于初始发展阶段。介绍了所取得的主要成果及总结探讨了面临的问题。最后,提出了SLD结冰环境粒径分布模拟需重点关注的研究方向、面临的关键技术问题及解决方法。

关键词: 航空器地面试验, 飞机结冰环境, 过冷大水滴, 粒径分布, 模拟方法, 双喷雾组合, 单滴-喷雾组合

Abstract:

Since the end of the last century, the phenomenon of aircraft icing in Supercooled Large Drop (SLD) icing conditions (14 CFR Part 25 Appendix O) have attracted much attention. Its impact on flight safety is worse than that under atmospheric icing conditions (14 CFR Part 25 Appendix C). The successive promulgation of Amendment of FAR 25-140 and EASA CS-25 16 indicates that the implementation of SLD icing airworthiness compliance verification is a mandatory condition for China’s large civil aircraft to obtain European and American airworthiness certificates. The simulation of SLD icing conditions is a pre-requisite for the ground SLD icing test, and is very important for the design of SLD anti-icing system and the verification of icing test. In this paper, the typical characteristics of the drop diameter distribution simulation under the icing conditions of SLD, namely, large drop diameter span with bimodal distribution and low Liquid Water Content (LWC), are analyzed. The research and development of the simulation methods of drop diameter distribution under SLD icing conditions in the world’s major icing research institutions in the past 30 years are reviewed. It is found that the technology for simulating the drop diameter distribution of Freezing Drizzle (FZDZ) mainly goes through four stages: increasing the Median Volume Diameter (MVD) of the spray, alternately producing MVD clouds with different sizes, regulating water pressure and simultaneously producing clouds with different MVD, and using two sets of independently controllable MVD cloud generation systems. Simulation of the drop diameter distribution for Freezing Rain (FZRA) is even more challenging and is still in the initial stages of development. The main achievements are introduced and the problems are discussed. Finally, the research direction, key technical problems and solutions of drop diameter distribution simulation in SLD icing conditions are discussed.

Key words: aircraft ground test, aircraft icing condition, supercooled large drop, drop diameter distribution, simulation method, double spray mixing, single drop and spray mixing

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