考虑钉头传载的阶梯搭接钉载分配特性

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2018.21816

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

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考虑钉头传载的阶梯搭接钉载分配特性

李斌斌^1,2, 徐宗真^1,2, 李鹏³, 赵一昭^1,2, 刘马宝^1,2,4

1. 西安交通大学机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室, 西安 710049;
2. 西安交通大学航天航空学院, 西安 710049;
3. 中国航空工业集团公司第一飞机设计研究院, 西安 710089;
4. 陕西省先进飞行器服役环境与控制重点实验室, 西安 710049

收稿日期:2017-10-23 修回日期:2018-01-24 出版日期:2018-07-15 发布日期:2018-01-24
通讯作者: 刘马宝 E-mail:mliu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
航空科学基金（20163470003）

Characteristics of bolt load distribution of stepped lap joints considering load transferred by bolt-head

LI Binbin^1,2, XU Zongzhen^1,2, LI Peng³, ZHAO Yizhao^1,2, LIU Mabao^1,2,4

1. State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
2. School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
3. The First Aircraft Design Institute, Aviation Industry Corporation of China, Xi'an 710089, China;
4. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Control for Flight Vehicle, Xi'an 710049, China

Received:2017-10-23 Revised:2018-01-24 Online:2018-07-15 Published:2018-01-24
Supported by:
Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (20163470003)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 确定钉载分配比例是机械连接强度分析的基础和关键，也是研究孔周应力分布的前提。以某型飞机铝合金阶梯形搭接板螺栓群连接结构为研究对象，利用应变电测法初步测量了各排螺栓的钉载分配比例。随后通过ABAQUS有限元三维实体建模，考虑钉头传载及接触摩擦、螺栓预紧、材料非线性、防弯夹具等因素，对螺栓群的钉载分配行为进行了模拟。计算发现：阶梯形搭接板多钉连接的钉载分配比例呈两端大中间小的规律，且台阶高度是影响钉载分配比例的重要因素。在此基础上，进一步研究了台阶高度对钉载分配均匀性的影响。分析结果表明：阶梯形搭接板多钉连接处于弹性范围以内时，随着台阶高度的增加，钉载分配趋于均匀；结构产生塑性变形后，随着台阶高度的增加，钉载分配先趋于均匀后随之变差。最后，基于钉载分配与孔边最大应力，对阶梯搭接多钉连接的几何构型进行了优化。优化后阶梯搭接的钉载分配比例极差不超过1.1%，最危险部位的孔边最大应力及螺栓最大剪切应力分别减小了约4.4%与10.2%。

关键词: 阶梯搭接, 多钉连接, 钉载分配, 有限元分析, 钉头

Abstract: Determination of bolt load distribution ratio of multi-bolted joints is essential for structural strength analysis, and is also the precondition for investigation of stress distribution in critical bolts and neighboring regions of plates. In this paper, the multi-bolted aluminum stepped lap joints from a certain type of aircraft are studied in terms of the bolt load distribution ratio, which is preliminarily estimated by means of the strain gauge electric testing technique. Then, a three-dimensional finite element model, taking into account of the load transferred by the bolt-head, contact friction, bolt clamp-up,material nonlinearity and anti-bending fixture, is constructed with ABAQUS software to simulate the load distribution between bolts for the joints. The calculation results reveal that edge rows carry more amount of load than the inner ones, and the step height is an important influence factor for bolt load distribution ratio of stepped lap joints. The effect of step height on uniformity of bolt load distribution is further analyzed. The analysis shows that during the elastic range, with the increase of step height, the bolt load distribution becomes more even; during the plastic range, with the increase of step height, the bolt load distribution grows even initially and then deteriorates. The configuration of stepped lap joints is optimized based on bolt load distribution and the maximum stress around the bolt-holes. It is shown that for the optimized stepped lap joints, the extreme difference of bolt load distribution ratio is less than 1.1%, and the maximum stress around the serious bolt-holes and the maximum shear stress of bolts decreases by 4.4% and 10.2% of those of the original ones, respectively.

Key words: stepped lap joints, multi-fastener joints, bolt load distribution, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), bolt-head

中图分类号:

V214.1

李斌斌, 徐宗真, 李鹏, 赵一昭, 刘马宝. 考虑钉头传载的阶梯搭接钉载分配特性[J]. 航空学报, 2018, 39(7): 221816-221816.

LI Binbin, XU Zongzhen, LI Peng, ZHAO Yizhao, LIU Mabao. Characteristics of bolt load distribution of stepped lap joints considering load transferred by bolt-head[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2018, 39(7): 221816-221816.

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考虑钉头传载的阶梯搭接钉载分配特性

Characteristics of bolt load distribution of stepped lap joints considering load transferred by bolt-head

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