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金属薄板厚度激光电磁超声谐振评价方法研究

郭伟1,石文泽2,卢超2,胡博3,刘远3   

  1. 1. 江西省南昌市红谷滩区丰和南大道696号南昌航空大学
    2. 南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室
    3. 南昌航空大学
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-30 修回日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2024-03-14 发布日期:2024-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 卢超
  • 基金资助:
    国防基础科研计划;江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划;南昌航空大学研究生创新基金

Research on the Evaluation Method of Laser Electromagnetic Ultrasonic Resonance for Metal Sheet Thickness

  • Received:2023-10-30 Revised:2024-03-11 Online:2024-03-14 Published:2024-03-14

摘要: 铝合金、不锈钢、镍基合金等材料广泛应用在航天航空热端部件。实现金属材料在交变机械载荷和高温高压气体冲蚀下的局部减薄评价,对提高金属构件服役的可靠性和安全性具有重要意义。针对航空发动机、固体火箭等热端部件材料在高温振动环境中的厚度在线检测与监测难题,提出了一种基于横波谐振频谱测厚的激光电磁超声技术。以铝合金5083、不锈钢304、镍基合金GH4169的试样为检测对象,建立了激光电磁超声横波谐振检测有限元模型,分析了激光光斑参数、EMAT线圈直径、线圈线径、提离等参数对谐振频率点和回波幅值的影响,并开展了金属试样谐振测厚实验。研究表明:当激光光斑直径为4 mm、EMAT线圈外径、线径、提离分别为12 mm、0.26 mm、0.3 mm时,EMAT接收到的横波信号最强,信噪比大于12.04 dB。当金属厚度为0.5-3 mm时,谐振法测厚的偏差不超过6%。

关键词: 铝合金, 镍基合金, 局部减薄, 激光电磁超声, 谐振测厚

Abstract: Aluminum alloys, stainless steel, nickel based alloys, and other materials are widely used in aerospace hot end components. The evaluation of local thinning of metal materials under alternating mechanical loads and high-temperature and high-pressure gas erosion is of great significance for improving the reliability and safety of metal components in service. A laser electromagnetic ultrasonic technology based on transverse wave resonance spectrum thickness measurement is proposed to address the challenges of online thickness detection and monitoring of materials for hot end components such as aircraft engines and solid rockets in high-temperature vibration environments. A finite element model for laser electromagnetic ultrasonic transverse wave resonance detection was established using samples of aluminum alloy 5083, stainless steel 304, and nickel based alloy GH4169 as test objects. The effects of laser spot parameters, EMAT coil diameter, coil wire diameter, and lift off parameters on resonance frequency points and echo amplitude were analyzed, and metal sample resonance thickness measurement experiments were conducted. Research has shown that when the diameter of the laser spot is 4 mm, the outer diameter, wire diameter, and lift off of the EMAT coil are 12 mm, 0.26 mm, and 0.3 mm, respectively, the transverse wave signal received by the EMAT is the strongest, with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 12.04 dB. When the metal thickness is 0.5-3 mm, the deviation of the resonance method for thickness measurement shall not exceed 6%.

Key words: Aluminum alloy, Nickel based alloys, Local thinning, Laser electromagnetic ultrasound, Resonant thickness measurement

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