航空学报 > 2019, Vol. 40 Issue (3): 322296-322296   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2019.22296

基于超短基线声传感器阵的高速目标轨迹估计

陈昭男1, 孙翱1, 王磊2, 阎肖鹏1   

  1. 1. 中国人民解放军 91550 部队, 大连 116023;
    2. 大连海事大学 航海学院, 大连 116023
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-08 修回日期:2018-07-02 出版日期:2019-03-15 发布日期:2019-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 王磊 E-mail:13050513211@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(61801481,61801482,61701504)

Trajectory estimation of high speed target based on ultra short baseline acoustic arrays

CHEN Zhaonan1, SUN Ao1, WANG Lei2, YAN Xiaopeng1   

  1. 1. 91550 Troops, People's Liberation Army of China, Dalian 116023, China;
    2. Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116023, China
  • Received:2018-05-08 Revised:2018-07-02 Online:2019-03-15 Published:2019-03-28
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (61801481,61801482,61701504)

摘要: 针对低空高速飞行目标跟踪问题,首先研究了某典型目标噪声信号的时频特性,发现其信号呈现宽带低频特征,难以从频域对目标轨迹进行估计。在此基础上,从各路接收信号的到达时延量入手,考虑到声基阵只能布设于有限空间内的制约,提出了一种基于超短基线阵时延估计的目标跟踪方法。该方法利用各个超短基线阵接收声强极值点分别估计目标运动轨迹垂线方向,计算多个垂线的叉乘向量实现对目标运动方向的估计,再利用多面交汇的方式获估计得到目标运动轨迹。分别对目标俯仰角、方位角及运动轨迹估计的理论误差进行了推导,根据理论估计误差,为能够实现对目标运动轨迹的估计,各个超短基线阵应尽量保证与目标运动轨迹不在同一平面上。根据仿真结果,在采用4个传感器基阵时,角度估计平均误差在4°以内,位置估计相对误差在5%左右。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。

关键词: 声传感器阵, 飞行轨迹, 时延估计, 目标跟踪, 超短基线阵

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of low altitude and high speed flight target tracking, the time-frequency characteristics of a typical target noise signal are studied. Since the spectrum of the signal is wideband and is mainly distributed in the low frequency domain, this kind of targets is hard to track in the frequency domain. Considering the constrained layout space for the acoustic sensor arrays, a target tracking method based on the ultra short baseline arrays is proposed. All extreme points of the sound intensity in the ultra short baseline arrays are individually extracted to estimate the vertical line of the target motion trajectory. The moving direction of the target is estimated by calculating the multiplicative vectors of multiple vertical lines. The motion trajectory is obtained by the multiplane intersection method. Theoretical errors of the azimuth angle, pitch angle, and estimated moving trajectory are derived. To successfully estimate the trajectory, all the arrays should not be located on the same plane with that of the target trajectory. Simulation results show that when 4 ultra short baseline arrays are used, the average error of angle estimation is within 4°, and the relative error of position estimation is about 5%. The simulation results verified the proposed method.

Key words: acoustic arrays, flight path, time delay estimation, target tracking, ultra short baseline array

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