逆变器供电永磁电机电磁振噪计算方法综述

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32127

Abstract

Abstract:

Inverter-fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines （PMSMs） are subject to substantial current harmonic excitations， which critically affect their electromagnetic vibration and noise characteristics. The accurate modeling and efficient computation of these effects have emerged as key research focuses in recent years. While the conventional finite element method offers high precision， its complex implementation procedures and substantial computational costs limit its applicability， particularly during the early stages of motor development where rapid iteration is essential. Consequently， there is a pressing need for modeling and computational approaches that can achieve favorable balance between accuracy and efficiency in the analysis of electromagnetic vibration and noise in inverter-fed PMSMs. To address this issue， this paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art modeling and computational techniques for electromagnetic vibration and noise analysis in inverter-fed PMSMs. The review systematically examines key factors such as current harmonic types， electromagnetic force generation， structural modal behavior， vibration responses， and radiated noise. For each aspect， the underlying principles， methodological strengths and weaknesses， and recent research advances are summarized. Finally， future research directions are discussed to highlight opportunities for further theoretical development and practical application in the field.

Key words: permanent magnet synchronous machine, inverter-fed, electromagnetic force, electromagnetic vibration and noise, modeling and computation

CLC Number:

Tong LIU, Wenxiang ZHAO, Jinghua JI. Review of computational methods for electromagnetic vibration and noise in inverter-fed permanent magnet synchronous machines[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(1): 332127.

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电流频率	电磁力阶次		电磁力频率
电流频率	z ₀=2p ₀±1	z ₀=2p ₀±2	电磁力频率
f_c +2f ₁	0	0	f_c +3f ₁
	N_t		f_c +f ₁
	2N_t	2N_t	f_c +f ₁
f_c -2f ₁	0	0	f_c -3f ₁
	N_t		f_c -f ₁
	2N_t	2N_t	f_c -f ₁
f_c +4f ₁	0	0	f_c +3f ₁
	N_t		f_c +5f ₁
	2N_t	2N_t	f_c +5f ₁
f_c -4f ₁	0	0	f_c -3f ₁
	N_t		f_c -5f ₁
	2N_t	2N_t	f_c -5f ₁

方法	优点	缺点
简化模型解析法	计算方法简单，便于设计初期快速评估PMSM 模态特征	各项系数难以直接求解忽略材料各项异性，计算精度低不适用于复杂结构模型
考虑材料各项异性解析法	考虑堆叠铁心和绕组对PMSM整体模态的影响对不规则几何结构的PMSM可进行等效处理考虑加工工艺对结构模态的影响	解析形式较为复杂，求解过程较为复杂等效过程难以直接确定，需结合实验进一步修正模型
单层梁单元等效法	建模及求解简单能够给出PMSM结构模态的振形	Euler–Bernoulli梁单元难以考虑剪切模量二维梁单元难以考虑材料正交各向异性
多层梁单元等效法	采用Timoshenko梁时可考虑剪切模量，求解精度高	二维梁单元难以考虑材料正交各向异性

Review of computational methods for electromagnetic vibration and noise in inverter-fed permanent magnet synchronous machines

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