Abstract: A preliminary approach to the concepts of aeronautic maintenance psychology is made and the psychological qualities which should be commonly possessed by aeronautical maintenance personnel are expounded. On the basis of the analysis of the structure of man-machine system, this paper discusses the psychological characteristics of maintenance and detection personnel in view of the three detection modes commonly used today.In direct detection, the swiftness of detection, the keenness of sensing failure, the complex of maintenance ambience and the entirety of fault processing demand special ability for quality judgement, skillful response of operation, nimble and careful observation,steady and self-controlled mood and flexibility to deal with emergence, In instrument detection, the diversification of detected information, the deep going nature of detection requirement and the thoroughness of removing failure demand good distribution of attention, accurate perception, rigorous thought and resolute judgement. In intelligent machine detection, the electron brain and equipment constitute a closed loop, where the interaction between man and machine is deeper, the detection efficiency is higher, so a high degree of sense of responsibility, more resourceful systematic sense and adaptibility to high rhythm are demanded.Finally, the main concepts of psychological training for different detection modes is advanced.