资源受限下阵列测向及其在无源定位中的应用

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32537

Abstract

Abstract:

With the rapid development of unmanned platforms and microsystems， the academic and industrial communities have seen a surge in Demand for Target （DF） and localization under resource-constrained conditions such as limited radio frequency chains， data sampling accuracy， and sample size. Traditional hardware platforms for direction finding and positioning， which typically consume substantial resources， face significant challenges in resource-limited scenarios. This paper systematically reviews key technical approaches for array-based DF under resource constraints， including sparse arrays， time modulation arrays， hybrid analog-digital arrays， low-bit quantization， and iterative adaptive techniques. Moreover， typical applications of array-based DF in passive positioning systems are highlighted， including DF-based positioning， DF combined with external radiation source localization， and distributed DF fusion positioning. The synergistic integration of these technologies significantly reduces the system’s resource requirements while ensuring DF and positioning accuracy and real-time performance in complex electromagnetic environments. Finally， the paper analyzes current major challenges and outlines future research directions.

Key words: array direction finding, passive positioning, resource constraints, sparse array, external radiation source localization

CLC Number:

V243.2

Yaxing YUE, Sining LIU, Dong ZHAO, Fuquan NIE, Zhiguo SHI, Guisheng LIAO. Overview of array direction finding under resource constraints and its applications in passive localization[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(3): 632537.

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参数	常用方法
信号角度	干涉仪法、自适应波束形成、多重信号分类、振幅法
到达时间差	最小二乘时延估计、最小均方估计、广义互相关、互相关
信号强度	均值滤波、小波变换、高斯滤波、动态区间粒子滤波
多普勒频率	瞬时测频技术、相位差分法、线性预测、约束优化

Overview of array direction finding under resource constraints and its applications in passive localization

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