陶瓷基复合材料反应熔渗过程多场建模与仿真

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30722

Abstract

Abstract:

Ceramic matrix composites combine the performance advantages of carbon materials and ceramic materials， making them an important thermal structural material in the aerospace field. The reactive melt permeation method is the main process for the preparation of ceramic matrix composites， in which the high-temperature melt enters the porous carbon preform through capillary action， and the chemical reaction with the carbon matrix is formed into the ceramic phase and embedded in the pores， so as to achieve efficient densification. However， due to the high temperature， high activity and short-term intense thermophysicochemical interactions in the infiltration process， it is challenging to observe the experiment and control the process parameters. Based on the characteristics of the reactive infiltration process， we consider the channeling characteristics between different pores， and distinguishes the microstructure characteristics of the precast with single-pore model and two-pores model. A multiphysics model of reactive infiltration is constructed that is closer to the pore structure of the real preform. The model predicts temperature values with an error margin less than 3% compared to experimental values， and the error between the predicted value and the experimental value in the early stage of the reaction within 3%. Overall， the prediction accuracy is far better than that of the Washburn equation and its modified form. Finally， the influence of the pore structure mode on the temperature distribution and reaction rate distribution of the reactive infiltration process is discussed， and it is found that the two-pores structure mode is more conducive to the infiltration of reactive melts. This study provides a multiphysics coupling method for the permeation process of reactive melt in porous carbon media， which provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of the reactive infiltration process of ceramic matrix composites.

Key words: ceramic matrix composites, reactive infiltration process, pore structure, multiphysics coupling, porous carbon perform

CLC Number:

Yan SHI, Han LIU, Tongtong ZHAO, Jixiang DAI, Jianjun SHA. Multi-field modeling and simulation of reactive infiltration process of ceramic matrix composites[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(3): 430722.

Figures/Tables 19

Fig.1

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Fig.5

Table 1

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Table 2

Model basic parameters

类别	参数	取值
多孔体	孔隙度 $ϕ$	0.22
	大孔占比 $ϕ M$	0.3
	小孔占比 $ϕ m$	0.7
	大孔孔径 $r M / μ m$	34.2
	小孔孔径 $r m / μ m$	4.3
	多孔体密度 $ρ s / k g · m - 3$	1 400
	多孔体热容 $C p, s / (J · (k g · K) - 1)$	184.98
	多孔体导热系数 $λ s / (W · (m · K) - 1)$	1.2
	初始温度 $T 0 / K$	1 693.2
熔体	密度 $ρ f / (k g · m - 3)$	2 520
	动力黏度 $μ / m P a · s$	0.62
	热容 $C p, f / J · (k g · K) - 1$	971.29
	导热系数 $λ f / W · (m · K) - 1$	22
化学反应	Arrhenius常数 $A f$	2.7
	反应活化能 $E a / k J · m o l - 1$	60
	反应热 $H / k J · m o l$ $- 1$	-121.527

Table 2

Fig.9

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Fig.17

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监测点	实验峰值温度/K	模拟峰值温度/K	相对误差/%
TC1	2 349	2 298.7	2.1
TC2	2 052	2 112.1	2.9
TC3	1 940	1 955.4	0.8
TC4	1 859	1 869.2	0.5

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Multi-field modeling and simulation of reactive infiltration process of ceramic matrix composites

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