针对倾转旋翼机飞行动力学建模时难以准确快速预测旋翼/机翼气动干扰的问题,提出融合旋翼动态涡管尾迹与机翼离散面元的旋翼/机翼气动干扰模型。首先,综合考虑倾转旋翼机平移和角运动建立旋翼动态涡管尾迹模型;将机翼沿展向与弦向离散为若干面元,引入旋翼尾迹收缩效应修正,通过涡诱导速度积分精确求解旋翼尾迹流场对机翼各离散面元的局部干扰速度,形成准确、高效的旋翼/机翼气动干扰计算方法。在此基础上,集成旋翼、机翼等部件载荷及相互干扰以及倾转过渡的混合操纵策略与机体动力学,建立了覆盖全飞行包线的非线性飞行动力学模型。最后,对计算方法和模型进行综合验证与分析,结果表明:本文方法可有效捕捉旋翼尾迹动态变化对机翼表面干扰区域与强度的变化规律,旋翼/机翼气动干扰是影响低速飞行配平的关键;倾转旋翼机飞行动力学模型计算结果与国外公开数据吻合良好,具备在全包线多模式飞行条件下的适用性与有效性。
To address the challenge of accurately and efficiently predicting rotor/wing aerodynamic interactions in tiltrotor flight dynamics modeling, a rotor/wing aerodynamic interference model is proposed that integrates a dynamic rotor vortex tube wake representation with a discrete wing panel method. First, a dynamic vortex tube wake model for the rotor is established by comprehensively accounting for both translational and angular motions of the tiltrotor aircraft. The wing is discretized into a series of panels along the spanwise and chordwise directions, and a correction for rotor wake contraction effects is incorporated. The local induced velocity imparted by the rotor wake flow field on each discrete wing panel is precisely determined through vorticity-induced velocity integration, thereby formulating an accurate and efficient computational methodology for rotor/wing aerodynamic interaction. On this basis, by integrating component loads of the rotor, wing, and other elements, mutual interference effects, a hybrid control strategy for tilt transition, and fuselage dynamics, a nonlinear flight dynamics model covering the entire flight envelope is constructed. Finally, comprehensive validation and analysis of the computational method and the flight dynamics model are conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively captures the variation patterns of both the extent and intensity of rotor wake impingement on the wing surface induced by the dynamic evolution of the rotor wake. Rotor/wing aerodynamic interference is shown to be a critical factor governing low-speed trim characteristics. The predictions of the tiltrotor flight dynamics model exhibit favorable agreement with publicly available reference data, confirming its applicability and validity across diverse flight conditions throughout the entire operational envelope.