多模态变构的超材料变形机翼设计与验证-强度所60周年专刊

吴琪; 王志刚; 芦奕菲; 鲍盘盘; 杨宇

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32506

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32506

多模态变构的超材料变形机翼设计与验证-强度所60周年专刊

吴琪 ,
王志刚 ,
芦奕菲 ,
鲍盘盘 ,
杨宇

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1. 中国飞机强度研究所
2. 中国飞机强度研究所（623所）

收稿日期: 2025-07-03

修回日期: 2025-08-27

网络出版日期: 2025-08-28

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Design and verification of metamaterial deformation wings with multimodal variants

WU Qi ,
WANG Zhi-Gang ,
LU Yi-Fei ,
BAO Pan-Pan ,
YANG Yu

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Received date: 2025-07-03

Revised date: 2025-08-27

Online published: 2025-08-28

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摘要

变体飞行器作为下一代航空器的革命性范式，其动态气动外形重构能力可突破传统固定机翼飞行器的气动效率与任务适应性瓶颈。针对现有力学超材料机翼存在的变形自由度受限、难以实现分布式连续变形等问题，本文提出一种基于力学超材料的多模式变构机翼设计方案。首先，通过构建梯度力学性能的胞元体系，结合刚性承载单元与柔性变形单元的差异化设计，实现结构轻量化与大变形协同调控；其次，进一步开发主动驱动胞元与过渡变形胞元，建立面向气动轮廓的参数化空间排布策略，形成具备多模态协同变形能力的全点阵机翼架构；最后，基于有限元仿真与物理实验，验证了该机翼翼面整体扭转变形及局部厚度调节能力。研究表明，所提出的梯度超材料机翼可实现展向+12°/-9°连续扭转变形与弦向8%的厚度调节。研究成果为突破飞行器跨域气动性能优化与多任务自适应调控提供了新途径，对智能变形飞行器的发展具有重要工程价值。

关键词： 力学超材料; 变形机翼; 多模态变构; 局部变厚度; 整体扭转

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吴琪 , 王志刚 , 芦奕菲 , 鲍盘盘 , 杨宇 . 多模态变构的超材料变形机翼设计与验证-强度所60周年专刊[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32506

Abstract

As a revolutionary paradigm of the next generation of aircraft, the dynamic aerodynamic shape reconstruction capability of the variant aircraft can break through the bottleneck of aerodynamic efficiency and mission adaptability of traditional fixed-wing aircraft. In order to solve the problems of limited deformation freedom and difficulty in achieving distributed continuous deformation of existing mechanical metamaterial wings, this paper proposes a multi-mode allomorphic wing design scheme based on mechanical metamaterials. Firstly, by constructing a cell system with gradient mechanical properties, combined with the differentiated design of rigid bearing unit and flexible deformation unit, the coordinated control of structural lightweight and large deformation was realized. Secondly, the active drive cell element and the transition deformed cell element were further developed, and the parametric space arrangement strategy for the aerodynamic contour was established to form a full-lattice wing architecture with multi-modal collaborative deformation ability. Finally, based on finite element simulation and physical experiments, the overall torsional deformation and local thickness adjustment ability of the wing surface are verified. The results show that the proposed gradient metamaterial wing can achieve continuous torsional deformation with a spread of 12°/-9° and a thickness adjustment of 8% in the chordal direction. The research results provide a new way to break through the optimization of cross-domain aerodynamic performance and multi-task adaptive control of aircraft, and have important engineering value for the development of intelligent deforming aircraft.

Key words： mechanical metamaterials; deformation wings; multimodal allosterism; local variable thickness; Integral torsion

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