随着光热环境调控需求的日益增长，散射型智能窗凭借其响应速度快、能耗低等优势成为研究热点。本综述系统梳理了散射型智能窗技术的研究进展，分析了其在采光调节与热管理中的应用潜力，并探讨了未来发展方向。现有研究表明，散射调控技术可分为表面散射与体积散射两大类。表面散射通过微结构设计结合机械应力、电场及光热响应策略，可实现30%-40%的透过率调控范围和毫秒级响应。体积散射则以聚合物-液晶体系为代表，具有低驱动电压、快速响应（毫秒级）和高透光率等优势，但耐久性与成本仍需优化。当前技术面临散射效率不足、环境稳定性差及大尺寸制备困难等技术瓶颈。未来研究应聚焦材料性能优化、多功能复合调控机制开发及大尺寸制备工艺突破，以推动该技术在建筑节能、交通安全及航空等领域的应用。

With the growing demand for light and thermal environment control, scattering-type smart windows have become a research hotspot due to their advantages of fast response and low energy consumption. This review systematically examines the research progress of scattering-type smart window technology, analyzes its application potential in light-ing regulation and thermal management, and discusses future development directions. Current research shows that scattering control technology can be classified into two major categories: surface scattering and volume scattering. Surface scattering, through microstructure design combined with mechanical stress, electric field, and photothermal response strategies, can achieve a transmittance regulation range of 30%-40% with millisecond-level response. Vol-ume scattering, represented by polymer-liquid crystal systems, offers advantages such as low driving voltage, rapid response (millisecond level), and high light transmittance, though durability and cost still need optimization. Current technology faces technical bottlenecks including insufficient scattering efficiency, poor environmental stability, and difficulties in large-scale fabrication. Future research should focus on material performance optimization, development of multifunctional composite regulation mechanisms, and breakthroughs in large-scale manufacturing processes to promote the application of this technology in building energy conservation, transportation safety, and aviation.