持续增长的交通需求量和日趋饱和的可用空域资源促使未来空中交通管理向基于航迹运行（TBO）的精细化管理模式转变。在TBO概念的基础上，依据目前繁忙机场终端区常见进场航线结构，提出了对应TBO模式下的截点直飞方式与融合点方式进场交通流优化模型，并以法国戴高乐机场终端区为例，构建了仿真运行环境。基于实际飞行计划与雷达记录轨迹模拟生成了航空器四维航迹，而后运用上述2种模型对进场交通流进行了优化，根据仿真结果对特定交通流参数展开了对比分析。研究结果表明，模型可通过航迹选择、时隙分配、顺序交换及动态间隔等方式有效化解终端区内潜在的航空器冲突并保持交通流安全高效运行，同时在一定程度上揭示了TBO模式下交通流的部分运行特性，为以四维航迹为核心的未来空中交通管理策略提供了理论支持。
Continuously increasing traffic demand and gradually saturated airspace are promoting a transformation which will shift future air traffic management system to a refined management mode with Trajectory Based Operation (TBO) as its core. Conforming to the TBO concept and current air route structure in busy terminal airspace, traffic flow optimization models corresponding to short-cut directly fly arrival mode and merge-point arrival mode with TBO characterized are proposed respectively. Charles de Gaulle Airport is taken as an example to build the terminal airspace simulation environment. Based on actual flight plans and radar data, four-dimensional flight trajectories are generated and optimized by the two models. According to the simulation outcomes, analysis and comparisons of traffic flow characteristics for the two models are carried out. The results show that the models can effectively avoid potential aircraft conflicts and maintain a safe and efficient traffic flow operation in terminal airspace by implementing trajectory selection, time slot rescheduling, dynamic separation, sequence exchange, etc. It reveals traffic flow characteristics under the TBO mode and provides theoretical support for the future air traffic management strategy centered on the four-dimensional trajectory.
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