支柱柔性对起落架缓冲器摩擦力的影响
收稿日期: 2013-06-24
修回日期: 2014-02-27
网络出版日期: 2014-03-17
基金资助
国家自然科学基金（51105197，11372129，51305198）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目
Effect of Shock Strut Flexibility on Landing Gear Shock Absorber Friction Force
Received date: 2013-06-24
Revised date: 2014-02-27
Online published: 2014-03-17
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51105197, 11372129, 51305198); The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
旨在通过缓冲支柱柔性对起落架缓冲器摩擦力的影响研究，为起落架缓冲器摩擦力建模方法和柔性起落架防卡滞设计提供技术指导。伴随着超高强度钢的逐步应用，刚度问题成为起落架设计中日益突出的矛盾问题，传统的缓冲支柱刚性假设可能并不适用于一些新类型起落架的分析。本文结合某无人机飞行试验中出现的主起落架缓冲器卡滞问题，首次建立了考虑支柱柔性影响的起落架缓冲器摩擦力模型，计算了最严重工况下的摩擦力值，并与缓冲支柱刚性假设计算得到的摩擦力值进行了对比分析。分析表明在考虑支柱柔性和理想平面滑动轴承约束的情况下，摩擦力大小为原来的6倍，缓冲器发生卡滞。分析了平面滑动轴承的实际约束情况，提出了轴承支承变形协调系数的概念，并分析了其与摩擦力和卡滞的关系，进而研究了支柱外筒和活塞杆刚度对于缓冲器摩擦力的影响。研究表明在变形协调系数不小于0.53时，缓冲器发生卡滞；适当改变活塞杆和外筒的刚度使其相匹配可以降低缓冲器的摩擦力。
魏小辉 , 宋晓晨 , 聂宏 , 颜晓峰 , 李利荣 . 支柱柔性对起落架缓冲器摩擦力的影响[J]. 航空学报, 2014 , 35(6) : 1604 -1611 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0003
In order to provide a new modeling method of the landing gear shock absorber friction force and offer technical advice about shock absorber binding, influence of the shock strut flexibility on landing gear shock absorber friction force is researched. With the use of high-strength steel, stiffness becomes an ever more serious issue. Traditional rigid shock strut presupposition may not be suitable for analysis of new types of aircraft landing gear. To address the binding occurring to an unmanned aircraft, a landing gear shock absorber friction force model is established with the shock strut flexibility taken into consideration. The friction force under the most serious case is calculated, and is compared with the force calculated without taking shock strut flexibility into account. The study shows that in the case when the shock strut flexibility is considered and under the ideal planar slide constraint, the friction force is 6 times that of the rigid model. The friction force thus can lead to shock absorber binding. Furthermore, the actual constraint forms are analyzed, and the coefficient of bearing deformation consistency is presented. The relationships of this coefficient with the friction force and shock absorber binding are analyzed. The influence is studied of the flexibility of the shock strut inner cylinder and outer cylinder on the value of the friction force. The study shows that the shock absorber will get stuck as the coefficient of bearing deformation consistency becomes no less than 0.53. Decreasing the inner cylinder's flexibility or increasing the outer cylinder's flexibility can decrease the shock absorber friction force.
Key words： landing gear; shock absorber; shock strut flexibility; friction force; binding
[1] Nie H. Dynamic behavior analysis and design as well as life prediction method of landing gear. Nanjing: College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1990. (in Chinese) 聂宏. 起落架的缓冲性能分析与设计及其寿命计算方法. 南京: 南京航空航天大学航空宇航学院, 1990.
[2] Chester D H. Aircraft landing impact parametric study with emphasis on nose gear landing conditions[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2002, 39(3): 394-403.
[3] Evans P, Perhinschi M G, Mullins S. Modeling and simulation of a tricycle landing gear at normal and abnormal conditions, AIAA-2010-7618. Reston: AIAA, 2010.
[4] Batterbee D C, Sims N D, Stanway R, et al. Design and performance optimization of magneto rheological oleo pneumatic landing gear//Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 5760. Bellingham: WA, 2005.
[5] Gerardi A G. Digital simulation of flexible aircraft response to symmetrical and asymmetrical runway roughness, AFFDL-TR-77-37. Dayton, OH: Wright-Patterson AFB, 1977.
[6] Gu H B. Dynamic model of aircraft ground handling[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2001, 22(2): 163-167. (in Chinese) 顾宏斌. 飞机地面运行的动力学模型[J]. 航空学报, 2001, 22(2): 163-167.
[7] Yuan D. Establishment method of a landing gear simulation model[J]. Flight Dynamics, 2002, 20(4): 44-47. (in Chinese) 袁东. 飞机起落架仿真数学模型建立方法[J]. 飞行力学, 2002, 20(4): 44-47.
[8] Ro K. A descriptive modeling and simulation of aircraft-runway dynamics, AIAA-2003-1895. Reston: AIAA, 2003.
[9] Jia Y H, He Q Z, Yang G Z. Taxiing performance analysis of active control of landing gear[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 1999, 20(6): 545-548. (in Chinese) 贾玉红, 何庆芝, 杨国柱. 主动控制起落架滑行性能分析[J]. 航空学报, 1999, 20(6): 545-548.
[10] Mu R K, Luo J J. Effect of aircraft structure flexibility on the shock-absorber behavior of landing gears[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 1995, 16(2): 205-208. (in Chinese) 牟让科, 罗俊杰. 飞机结构弹性对起落架缓冲性能的影响[J]. 航空学报, 1995, 16(2): 205-208.
[11] Milwitzky B, Cook F E. Analysis of landing-gear behavior, NACA Report 1154. Washington D.C.: NACA, 1953.
[12] Cook F E, Milwitzky B. Effect of interaction on landing-gear behavior and dynamic loads in a flexible airplane structure, NACA Report 1278. Washington D.C.: NACA, 1955.
[13] Wahi M. Oleopneumatic shock strut dynamic analysis and its real-time simulation[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 1976, 13(4): 303-308.
[14] Wei X H, Nie H. Dynamic analysis of aircraft landing impact using landing-region-based model[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2005, 42(6): 1631-1637.
[15] Wei X H, Liu C L, Nie H, et al. Study on dynamics and test method of carrier-based aircraft nose landing gear sudden extension[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2013, 34(6): 1363-1369. (in Chinese) 魏小辉, 刘成龙, 聂宏, 等. 舰载机前起落架突伸动力学分析及试验方法研究[J]. 航空学报, 2013, 34(6): 1363-1369.
[16] Khapane P D. Simulation of asymmetric landing and typical ground maneuvers for large transport aircraft[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2003, 7(8): 611-619.
[17] Daniels J N. A method for landing gear modeling and simulation with experimental validation, NASA Contractor Report 201601. Washington D.C.: NASA, 1976.
[18] Clark A B. An investigation of classical dynamic scaling techniques applied to an oleo-pneumatic landing gear strut, AFWAL-TR-86-3058. Dayton, OH: Wright-Patterson AFB, 1987.
[19] Sui F C, Lu H. Mathematical model research on aircraft landing gear damper[J]. Aircraft Design, 2001(2): 44-51. (in Chinese) 隋福成, 陆华. 飞机起落架缓冲器数学模型研究[J]. 飞机设计, 2001(2): 44-51.
[20] Peng W W, Zeng W D, Kang C, et al. Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of 300M ultrahigh strength steel[J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2012, 33(3): 94-98. (in Chinese) 彭雯雯, 曾卫东, 康超, 等. 热处理工艺对300M 超高强度钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 材料热处理学报,2012, 33(3): 94-98.
[21] Liu P, Wang X D, Cai J P, et al. Corrosion behavior of low hydrogen brittleness brush plating cadmium on A100 steel in marine environment[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2013(6): 54-58. (in Chinese) 刘鹏, 王旭东, 蔡健平, 等. A100钢低氢脆刷镀镉镀层海洋环境腐蚀行为研究[J]. 材料工程, 2013(6): 54-58.
[22] The Chief Committee of Aircraft Design Manual. Aircraft design manual: takeoff and landing system design[M]. Beijing: Aviation Industry Press, 2002: 152-168. (in Chinese) 飞机设计手册总编委会. 飞机设计手册: 起飞着陆系统设计[M]. 北京: 航空工业出版社, 2002: 152-168.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
CJA