航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (15): 333122-333122   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33122

基于异构Agent的航空交通网络供需态势统一建模

王书策1, 胡明华1, 杨磊1(), 常哲宁1, 王春政2   

  1. 1.南京航空航天大学 民航学院,南京 210016
    2.山东理工大学 交通与车辆工程学院,淄博 255000
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-21 修回日期:2025-12-15 接受日期:2026-01-19 出版日期:2026-01-23 发布日期:2026-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 杨磊 E-mail:laneyoung@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(52472346);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20231447)

Unified modeling of supply-demand situations in air traffic network based on heterogeneous Agent

Shuce WANG1, Minghua HU1, Lei YANG1(), Zhening CHANG1, Chunzheng WANG2   

  1. 1.College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
    2.School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China
  • Received:2025-11-21 Revised:2025-12-15 Accepted:2026-01-19 Online:2026-01-23 Published:2026-01-21
  • Contact: Lei YANG E-mail:laneyoung@nuaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52472346);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20231447)

摘要:

航空交通系统中,构建统一不同决策阶段的供需态势建模框架,对于实现多层级、多阶段的高效协同决策至关重要。为此,构建了基于异构Agent的航空交通网络供需态势统一推演模型(简称异构Agent模型)。首先,表征了网络节点完备性与延误预测误差的函数关系,从理论上证明空域网络结构完备性对延误表征精度具有决定性影响;随后,将Agent交互机制与流体排队理论结合,构建了覆盖航班、机场与空域的多元要素耦合的统一动态框架。通过定义航班、机场、扇区3类异构Agent,建立状态迁移与拥堵/延误传播机制,并基于历史广播式自动相关监视(ADS-B)航迹数据标定扇区服务时间,确定扇区流体排队系统的主要输入参数,实现系统运行状态在不同层级间的映射与并行推演。最后,以中国250个机场、287个扇区和航季级航班运行数据为样本,在航班时刻配置、次日飞行计划及突发容量下降3类场景中开展验证。结果表明,异构Agent模型在各场景中的延误预测精度均优于现有方法,能够在战略、预战术及战术决策阶段实现“航班-机场-空域”一体化的供需态势分析,并能够为航空交通系统的规划、评估与运行管控提供可靠、准确且高效的决策支撑。

关键词: 航空交通管理, 供需匹配, 延误预测, Agent建模, 流体排队理论

Abstract:

In the air traffic system, constructing a unified supply-demand situations modeling framework for different decision-making stages is critical for efficient multi-level and multi-stage collaborative decision-making. Accordingly, a heterogeneous-Agent-based unified deduction model of supply-demand situations in air traffic network is developed, referred to as the heterogeneous Agent model. First, the theoretical analysis demonstrates that the completeness of the airspace network structure has a decisive impact on the accuracy of delay characterization, and clarifies the functional relationship between network node completeness and prediction error. Then, by integrating the Agent interaction mechanism with fluid queuing theory, a unified dynamic multi-element coupling framework covering flights, airports, and airspace is constructed. Three types of heterogeneous Agents (flight, airport and sector) are defined to establish state transition and congestion/delay propagation mechanisms. Based on historical Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) trajectory data, sector service time is calibrated, and the main input parameters of the sector fluid queuing system are determined, enabling the cross-level mapping and parallel deduction of system operating states across multiple levels. Finally, using China-wide flight operation data at the flight-season scale covering 250 airports and 287 sectors as the sample, the model is validated in three scenarios: flight schedule configuration, next-day flight planning, and sudden capacity degradation. The results show that the heterogeneous Agent model achieves higher delay prediction accuracy than existing methods in all scenarios. Capable of integrated “flight-airport-airspace” supply-demand situations analysis across strategic, pre-tactical, and tactical decision-making stages, and providing a reliable, accurate, and efficient decision-support for planning, evaluation and operational management of air traffic system.

Key words: air traffic management, supply-demand matching, delay prediction, Agent-based modeling, fluid queuing theory

中图分类号: