航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (14): 332713-332713   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32713

基于网格剖分的敏捷卫星区域目标观测调度方法

伍国华1, 周昕阳2, 顾轶2(), 唐伟3   

  1. 1.中南大学 自动化学院,长沙 410083
    2.中南大学 交通运输工程学院,长沙 410083
    3.西北工业大学 灰色系统研究中心,西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-27 修回日期:2025-11-01 接受日期:2025-12-02 出版日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2025-12-23
  • 通讯作者: 顾轶 E-mail:yi.gu@csu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(62503503);国家自然科学基金(62373380);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2502018)

Grid subdivision-based agile satellite scheduling method for observing area targets

Guohua WU1, Xinyang ZHOU2, Yi GU2(), Wei TANG3   

  1. 1.College of Automation,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China
    2.School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China
    3.Center for Grey Systems Studies,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
  • Received:2025-08-27 Revised:2025-11-01 Accepted:2025-12-02 Online:2025-12-25 Published:2025-12-23
  • Contact: Yi GU E-mail:yi.gu@csu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(62503503);Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation(kq2502018)

摘要:

敏捷卫星具备滚转与俯仰机动能力,采用条带拼幅模式观测区域目标有助于提升覆盖率,但该观测过程需同时优化滚转角、俯仰角及各条带观测起止时间。针对该多条带观测调度问题,提出了基于网格剖分的敏捷卫星区域目标观测调度方法。该方法采用六边形网格对目标区域进行双层离散,并将其用于姿态映射、覆盖计算与启发式引导;以覆盖率最大化为目标,建立了考虑多约束的混合整数非线性规划模型。为实现模型求解,设计了基于自适应反馈迭代的双层优化框架,构建了融合模拟退火与协同粒子群遗传的双层优化算法。其中,上层通过模拟退火及其多邻域搜索策略进行观测条带分配,下层采用协同粒子群遗传算法进行俯仰角和观测窗口的调度,并通过自适应反馈机制实现了上下层算法的交互迭代求解。大量对比实验表明,在敏捷卫星区域目标观测场景中,所提方法在覆盖率与收敛稳定性方面优于不同上层和下层对比算法;相较于传统单条带对地观测模式,敏捷卫星的条带拼幅模式能够显著提升区域覆盖率。

关键词: 区域目标观测, 敏捷卫星, 多条带观测, 六边形网格, 双层优化框架

Abstract:

Agile satellites possess roll and pitch maneuver capabilities, and adopting the strip-splicing mode for area target observation can improve the coverage rate. However, this observation process requires simultaneous optimization of roll angles, pitch angles, and the observation start and end times of each strip. To address this multi-strip observation scheduling problem, an agile satellite area target observation scheduling method based on grid subdivision is proposed. The method employs hexagonal grids to perform a double-layer discretization of the target area, which is utilized for attitude mapping, coverage calculation, and heuristic guidance. With the goal of maximizing the coverage rate, a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model considering multiple constraints is established. To solve the model, a bilevel optimization framework based on adaptive feedback iteration is designed, and a bilevel optimization algorithm integrating simulated annealing with cooperative particle swarm genetic algorithm is constructed. Specifically, the upper layer performs observation strip allocation via simulated annealing and its multi-neighborhood search strategy, while the lower layer employs the cooperative particle swarm genetic algorithm to schedule pitch angles and observation windows. And the interactive iterative solution of the upper and lower layer algorithms is realized through the adaptive feedback mechanism. Extensive comparative experiments demonstrate that in agile satellite area target observation scenarios, the proposed method is superior to various comparison algorithms in terms of coverage rate and convergence stability. Moreover, compared with the traditional single-strip Earth observation mode, the strip-splicing mode of agile satellites can significantly improve the area coverage rate.

Key words: area target observation, agile satellite, multiple-strip observation, hexagonal grid, bilevel optimization framework

中图分类号: