航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (15): 232734-232734   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32734

固体力学与飞行器总体设计

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PI-RNN增强的大尺度挠性空间结构模型预测姿态稳定控制

吕国梁1, 边志强2, 郭延宁1, 王鹏宇1()   

  1. 1.哈尔滨工业大学 航天学院,哈尔滨 150001
    2.南京航空航天大学 航天学院,南京 211106 3.上海卫星工程研究所,上海 201109
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-31 修回日期:2025-09-24 接受日期:2025-10-28 出版日期:2025-11-10 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者: 王鹏宇 E-mail:wangpy@hit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U23B6001);国家自然科学基金(473110);空间智能控制技术全国重点实验室基金(HTKJ2025KL502014);国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3905301)

Physics-informed recurrent neural network enhanced model predictive control for large-scale flexible space structure attitude stabilization

Guoliang LYU1, Zhiqiang BIAN2, Yanning GUO1, Pengyu WANG1()   

  1. 1.School of Astronautics,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China
    2.College of Astronautics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China
    3.Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering,Shanghai 201109,China
  • Received:2025-08-31 Revised:2025-09-24 Accepted:2025-10-28 Online:2025-11-10 Published:2025-11-07
  • Contact: Pengyu WANG E-mail:wangpy@hit.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23B6001);Foundation of the National Key Laboratory of Space Intelligent Control Technology(HTKJ2025KL502014);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3905301)

摘要:

针对大尺度挠性空间结构姿态镇定控制问题,充分考虑振动模型参数未知、刚挠耦合关系未知等因素,提出了一种基于物理信息循环神经网络的(PI-RNN)的新型模型预测姿态控制方法。首先,通过将大尺度挠性空间结构的先验物理振动方程嵌入循环神经网络(RNN),构建了挠性附件振动的预测模型,实现了对大尺度空间结构振动模态的精准在线预测。而后,将所提出的PI-RNN振动预测模型与非线性模型预测控制(NMPC)相结合,克服了传统NMPC方法高度依赖精确系统动力学模型的问题,并基于Lyapunov理论分析了闭环控制系统的稳定性与可行性。与传统航天器姿态控制方法相比,所提方法在实现既定性能指标最优性的同时,还具备通过PI-RNN实时数据学习克服振动参数漂移问题的潜在能力。最后,数值仿真实验证明了所提方法的有效性和优越性。

关键词: 大尺度挠性空间结构, 姿态稳定控制, 物理信息神经网络, 振动模态预测, 非线性模型预测控制

Abstract:

A novel model predictive attitude control method based on a Physics-informed Recurrent Neural Network (PI-RNN) is proposed for the attitude stabilization control problem of large-scale flexible space structures, which fully considers factors such as unknown vibration model parameters and unknown rigid-flexible coupling relationships. First, a PI-RNN predictive model for vibrations of flexible appendages is developed by embedding the prior physical vibration dynamics of large-scale flexible space structures into a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), which facilitates accurate online prediction of the vibration modes of large-scale space structures. Then, the proposed PI-RNN predictive model is further integrated into a Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) framework to overcome the problem that traditional NMPC methods are highly dependent on model accuracy. Moreover, the stability and feasibility of the closed-loop control system are analyzed based on Lyapunov theory. Compared with traditional spacecraft attitude control methods, the proposed approach not only achieves the optimality of predefined performance metrics but also exhibits the potential to overcome vibration parameter drift through real-time data learning via the PI-RNN. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

Key words: large-scale flexible space structure, attitude stabilization control, physics-informed recurrent neural network, vibration mode prediction, nonlinear model predictive control

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