孟爽1, 郑联语1,2,3, 张向荣1, 张智博1, 王艺玮1,2,3(
)
收稿日期:2025-01-15
修回日期:2025-02-10
接受日期:2025-03-11
出版日期:2025-09-25
发布日期:2025-05-13
通讯作者:
王艺玮
E-mail:wangyiwei@buaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
Shuang MENG1, Lianyu ZHENG1,2,3, Xiangrong ZHANG1, Zhibo ZHANG1, Yiwei WANG1,2,3(
)
Received:2025-01-15
Revised:2025-02-10
Accepted:2025-03-11
Online:2025-09-25
Published:2025-05-13
Contact:
Yiwei WANG
E-mail:wangyiwei@buaa.edu.cn
Supported by:摘要:
可重构装配型架长期使用过程中易出现定位精度下降引起的不稳定问题,影响产品装配质量,有必要对其定位精度实施有效监控。传统的人工定期检查方法存在无法及时获取型架使用状态数据、难以准确而全面评估型架定位精度以及缺少系统且有效的修复方法等问题。几何约束作为型架关键点位之间的特定几何形位限制,它是型架准确定位产品的内在依据和型架定位精度保障的核心基础。为解决上述问题,提出并构建了一套基于几何约束的可重构装配型架修复性装调方法,该方法包括基于几何约束的型架定位精度评估、型架点位调整量计算以及基于雅可比旋量的定位器可调性判断3部分。首先,分析了为保证型架定位精度合格所需要限制的关键点位之间的几何约束集,据此评估型架的定位精度;然后,针对定位精度超差的型架,计算其点位的调整量并确定了装调目标位置;最后,基于构建表征定位器装配偏差的雅可比旋量模型判断定位器的可调性,辅助工人完成了型架修复性装调。以某壁板可重构装配型架为例进行验证,结果表明,所提方法能够准确评估型架的定位精度,有效修复定位精度超差的型架,提高了型架修复效率,从而验证了方法的可行性与有效性。
中图分类号:
孟爽, 郑联语, 张向荣, 张智博, 王艺玮. 基于几何约束的可重构装配型架修复性装调[J]. 航空学报, 2025, 46(18): 431812.
Shuang MENG, Lianyu ZHENG, Xiangrong ZHANG, Zhibo ZHANG, Yiwei WANG. Corrective adjustment for reconfigurable assembly fixtures based on geometric constraints[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(18): 431812.
表4
OTP点实测数据节选(测量时间:2023.12.12)
OTP 序号 | 理论数据/mm | 实测数据/mm | Delta/mm | 长度/mm | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x1 | y1 | z1 | x2 | y2 | z2 | Δx | Δy | Δz | D | |
| 1 | 434.000 0 | 4 842.300 0 | 250.000 0 | 433.984 2 | 4 842.246 0 | 249.945 3 | -0.015 8 | -0.054 0 | -0.054 7 | 0.078 5 |
| 2 | 784.000 0 | 4 842.300 0 | 1 350.000 0 | 784.049 7 | 4 842.176 0 | 1 350.073 | 0.049 7 | -0.124 5 | 0.073 1 | 0.152 7 |
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 6 | 384.000 0 | 4 322.300 0 | 2 600.000 0 | 384.059 7 | 4 322.249 0 | 2 600.136 0 | 0.059 7 | -0.051 5 | 0.136 0 | 0.157 2 |
| 7 | 434.000 0 | 3 272.300 0 | 250.000 0 | 433.912 3 | 3 272.300 0 | 249.928 0 | -0.087 7 | -0.000 3 | -0.072 0 | 0.113 5 |
| 8 | 784.000 0 | 3 272.300 0 | 1 350.000 0 | 784.089 2 | 3 272.221 0 | 1 349.962 0 | 0.089 2 | -0.079 2 | -0.038 0 | 0.125 2 |
| 9 | 384.000 0 | 3 272.300 0 | 2 600.000 0 | 384.068 0 | 3 272.299 0 | 2 600.092 0 | 0.068 0 | -0.000 9 | 0.092 1 | 0.114 5 |
| 10 | 434.000 0 | 2 512.300 0 | 250.000 0 | 433.979 3 | 2 512.341 0 | 249.937 5 | -0.020 7 | 0.041 2 | -0.062 5 | 0.077 7 |
| 11 | 784.000 0 | 2 512.300 0 | 1 350.000 0 | 783.969 3 | 2 512.183 0 | 1 349.907 0 | -0.030 7 | -0.117 5 | -0.092 6 | 0.152 7 |
| 12 | 384.000 0 | 2 512.300 0 | 2 600.000 0 | 383.904 9 | 2 512.354 0 | 2 600.060 0 | -0.095 1 | 0.054 4 | 0.060 3 | 0.125 0 |
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 23 | 784.000 0 | 2 987.300 0 | 1 350.000 0 | 783.942 6 | 2 987.243 0 | 1 349.905 0 | -0.057 4 | -0.057 3 | -0.095 1 | 0.125 0 |
| 24 | 384.000 0 | 2 987.300 0 | 2 600.000 0 | 384.062 8 | 2 987.260 0 | 2 600.080 0 | 0.062 8 | -0.040 3 | 0.079 7 | 0.109 2 |
表6
OTP点位实测数据节选(测量时间:2024.11.18)
OTP 序号 | 理论数据/mm | 实测数据/mm | Delta/mm | 长度/mm | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x1 | y1 | z1 | x2 | y2 | z2 | Δx | Δy | Δz | D | |
| 1 | 434.000 0 | 4 842.300 0 | 250.000 0 | 435.157 0 | 4 842.202 8 | 249.973 6 | 1.157 0 | -0.097 2 | 0.343 1 | 1.210 7 |
| 2 | 784.000 0 | 4 842.300 0 | 1 350.000 0 | 784.473 9 | 4 842.363 0 | 1 350.548 1 | 0.473 9 | 0.063 0 | 0.633 3 | 0.793 5 |
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 23 | 784.000 0 | 2 987.300 0 | 1 350.000 0 | 784.370 5 | 2 987.085 8 | 1 350.634 5 | 0.070 5 | -0.214 2 | 0.579 5 | 0.621 8 |
| 24 | 384.000 0 | 2 987.300 0 | 2 600.000 0 | 383.800 9 | 2 987.213 6 | 2 601.055 9 | -0.199 1 | -0.086 4 | 0.419 2 | 0.472 1 |
表8
OTP点位调整数据节选
OTP 序号 | 实测坐标/mm | 目标位置坐标/mm | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x1 | y1 | z1 | x2 | y2 | z2 | Δx | Δy | Δz | |
| 1 | 435.157 0 | 4 842.202 8 | 249.973 6 | 434.854 8 | 4 841.763 0 | 250.045 7 | 0.302 2 | 0.439 8 | -0.072 1 |
| 2 | 784.473 9 | 4 842.363 0 | 1 350.548 1 | 784.495 1 | 4 841.971 2 | 1 350.160 1 | -0.021 2 | 0.391 8 | 0.388 0 |
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 6 | 384.059 7 | 4 322.248 5 | 2 600.136 0 | 384.059 7 | 4 322.248 5 | 2 600.136 0 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 |
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 15 | 383.929 4 | 1 769.157 0 | 2 600.660 6 | 383.929 4 | 1 769.157 0 | 2 600.660 6 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 |
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 18 | 383.856 0 | 1 452.178 0 | 2 600.597 9 | 383.856 0 | 1 452.178 0 | 2 600.597 9 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 |
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 23 | 784.370 5 | 2 987.085 8 | 1 350.634 5 | 784.370 5 | 2 987.085 8 | 1 350.634 5 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 | 0.000 0 |
| 24 | 383.800 9 | 2 987.213 6 | 2 601.055 9 | 383.991 6 | 2 987.248 5 | 2 600.410 3 | -0.190 7 | -0.034 9 | 0.645 6 |
表 10
OTP点偏差统计值结果
| AT对象 | 测量项 | 最小值/mm | 最大值/mm | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OTP1 | Δx | -0.070 0 | -0.066 8 | 4.51 | 0.069 0 | 0.066 8 | 3.22 |
| Δy | -0.187 1 | -0.192 1 | 2.65 | 0.186 4 | 0.192 1 | 3.03 | |
| Δz | -0.061 9 | -0.065 3 | 5.38 | 0.061 6 | 0.065 3 | 5.88 | |
| OTP2 | Δx | -0.069 7 | -0.066 8 | 4.19 | 0.067 9 | 0.066 8 | 1.57 |
| Δy | -0.301 1 | -0.307 3 | 2.05 | 0.300 3 | 0.307 3 | 2.35 | |
| Δz | -0.067 7 | -0.065 3 | 3.63 | 0.066 6 | 0.065 3 | 2.04 | |
| OTP3 | Δx | -0.069 5 | -0.066 8 | 3.86 | 0.068 1 | 0.066 8 | 1.93 |
| Δy | -0.199 0 | -0.208 3 | 4.71 | 0.198 2 | 0.208 3 | 5.12 | |
| Δz | -0.062 4 | -0.065 3 | 4.59 | 0.062 1 | 0.065 3 | 5.03 | |
表11
OTP点坐标偏差
| AT对象 | 测量项 | 区间成员判断 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 最小值 | 最大值 | |||||
| OTP1 | Δx | -0.058 1 | 0.058 1 | -0.190 0 | 0.006 1 | 属于 |
| Δy | -0.139 8 | 0.141 2 | 0.107 8 | -0.051 5 | 属于 | |
| Δz | -0.056 1 | 0.056 5 | 0.502 7 | -0.150 4 | 不属于 | |
| OTP2 | Δx | -0.058 5 | 0.058 7 | -0.112 2 | 0.115 0 | 不属于 |
| Δy | -0.188 1 | 0.188 9 | 0.207 6 | -0.328 7 | 不属于 | |
| Δz | -0.056 6 | 0.056 4 | 0.018 3 | 0.580 3 | 不属于 | |
| OTP3 | Δx | -0.058 5 | 0.058 3 | -0.167 9 | 0.774 7 | 不属于 |
| Δy | -0.143 0 | 0.142 4 | 0.386 2 | -0.536 9 | 不属于 | |
| Δz | -0.056 4 | 0.056 7 | -0.421 7 | 0.820 3 | 不属于 | |
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