ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA >
Mach number similarity law of high-lift device noise based on large-scale wind tunnel test
Received date: 2024-03-14
Revised date: 2024-04-03
Accepted date: 2024-05-17
Online published: 2024-06-17
Supported by
Project of Experimental Technology Research(1800120177)
In the aeroacoustic wind tunnel test， a common case is that not all parameters can be simulated sometimes （e.g.， model size， Mach number and Reynolds number， etc.）. Correspondingly， test results transformation is needed to be conducted based on similarity laws. Based on the 5.5 m×4 m aeroacoustic wind tunnel and the corresponding full and half models for the aeroacoustic study of large-scale aircraft， the properties and Mach number similarity laws of high-lift device noise were studied experimentally. During the study of similarity laws， correction of frequency and amplitude of noise spectrum was considered mainly. For frequency correction， the transformation methods based on Strouhal number and Helmholtz number are compared. On this basis， the amplitude correction parameters are considered to be of different values in divided frequency ranges， and suggestion for the selection of division frequency is proposed. Further， the uniformity of the two frequency transformation methods is analysed. The results indicate that the composition， mechanism and principles of the high-lift device noise source are different in various frequency ranges， and are affected by slat/flap angles， angles of attack of model， wind speeds， test positions/propagation directions， etc. A good similarity is presented for the high-lift device noise on the whole. Based on the similarity transformation method， the noise at different wind speeds is predicted effectively， and the prediction method is well suitable for various model situations and test positions. The slopes of noise spectra are related to sound source compositions and properties， and the break frequency of the slopes can be selected as the dividing frequency for the frequency ranges. For the model states with non-zero angles of attack， when the frequency correction is based on Helmholtz number， a good prediction result can be obtained with the amplitude correction parameters being set as 5 and 6 in the middle to low frequency range and the middle to high frequency range， respectively. The transformation methods based on Strouhal number and Helmholtz number show inherent unity to some extent.
Yubao SONG , Rongping ZHANG , Yifeng SUN , Junlong ZHANG , Zhenglei FAN . Mach number similarity law of high-lift device noise based on large-scale wind tunnel test[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2024 , 45(23) : 630389 -630389 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30389
| 1 | 李伟鹏. 大型客机增升装置噪声机理与噪声控制综述［J］. 空气动力学学报， 2018， 36（3）： 372-384， 409. |
| LI W P. Review of the mechanism and noise control of high-lift device noise［J］. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica， 2018， 36（3）： 372-384， 409 （in Chinese）. | |
| 2 | 刘沛清， 李玲， 邢宇， 等. 大型飞机增升装置气动噪声研究进展［J］. 空气动力学学报， 2017， 35（4）： 472-484. |
| LIU P Q， LI L， XING Y， et al. Developments of aeroacoustic investigation on high-lift device for large aircrafts［J］. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica， 2017， 35（4）： 472-484 （in Chinese）. | |
| 3 | DOBRZYNSKI W. Almost 40 years of airframe noise research： What did we achieve？［J］. Journal of Aircraft， 2010， 47（2）： 353-367. |
| 4 | CAMUSSI R， BENNETT G J. Aeroacoustics research in Europe： The CEAS-ASC report on 2019 highlights［J］. Journal of Sound Vibration， 2020， 484： 115540. |
| 5 | 乔渭阳， Michel UIF. 基于改进的传声器阵列数据分析技术的飞机机体噪声实验研究［J］. 航空学报， 2008， 29（3）： 527-533. |
| QIAO W Y， ULF M. Experimental study on airframe noise with improved data reduction method of microphone array measurements［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2008， 29（3）： 527-533 （in Chinese）. | |
| 6 | 王红建， 田峻源， 罗望. 缝翼结构参数对缝翼噪声影响的三维仿真分析［J］. 西北工业大学学报， 2019， 37（6）： 1129-1137. |
| WANG H J， TIAN J Y， LUO W. Three-dimensional simulation analysis of the influence of slat structural parameters on slat aerodynamic noise［J］. Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University， 2019， 37（6）： 1129-1137 （in Chinese）. | |
| 7 | 张浩驰， 宋文萍. 飞机机体噪声降噪方法研究进展［J］. 噪声与振动控制， 2008， 28（2）： 69-72. |
| ZHANG H C， SONG W P. Research on airframe noise analysis and reduction methods［J］. Noise and Vibration Control， 2008， 28（2）： 69-72 （in Chinese）. | |
| 8 | KHORRAMI M R， FARES E， CASALINO D. Towards full aircraft airframe noise prediction： Lattice boltzmann simulations［C］∥ Proceedings of the 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 2014. |
| 9 | URA H， YOKOKAWA Y， IMAMURA T， et al. Investigation of airframe noise from high lift configuration model［C］∥ 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 2008. |
| 10 | 宋玉宝， 张俊龙， 唐道锋， 等. 大型飞机增升装置噪声特性风洞试验［J］. 空气动力学学报， 2022， 40（6）： 14-28. |
| SONG Y B， ZHANG J L， TANG D F， et al. Wind tunnel experimental study of noise characteristics of large aircraft high-lift devices［J］. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica， 2022， 40（6）： 14-28 （in Chinese）. | |
| 11 | CHOUDHARI M M， LOCKARD D P. Assessment of slat noise predictions for 30P30N high-lift configuration from BANC-III workshop［C］∥ Proceedings of the 21st AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 2015. |
| 12 | 梁勇， 陈迎春， 赵鲲， 等. 锯齿单元对起落架/舱体耦合噪声抑制试验［J］. 航空学报， 2019， 40（6）： 122932. |
| LIANG Y， CHEN Y C， ZHAO K， et al. Test on suppression of aircraft landing gear/bay coupling noise using sawtooth spoiler［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2019， 40（6）： 122932 （in Chinese）. | |
| 13 | 周国成， 谭啸， 陈宝. 襟翼边缘噪声的端板抑制技术试验研究［J］. 空气动力学学报， 2016， 34（3）： 379-385. |
| ZHOU G C， TAN X， CHEN B. Experiment research of the noise reduction technology based on flap edge side fence［J］. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica， 2016， 34（3）： 379-385 （in Chinese）. | |
| 14 | WANG Y， HAO N S， LU X Y， et al. Airfoil self-noise reduction by gradient distributed porous trailing edges［J］. Journal of Aerospace Engineering， 2021， 34（6）： 04021075. |
| 15 | GUO Y P， YAMAMOTO K J， STOKER R W. Component-based empirical model for high-lift system noise prediction［J］. Journal of Aircraft， 2003， 40（5）： 914-922. |
| 16 | POTT-POLLENSKE M， DOBRZYNSKI W， BUCHHOLZ H， et al. Airframe noise characteristics from flyover measurements and prediction［C］∥ Proceedings of the 12th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference （27th AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference）. Reston： AIAA， 2006. |
| 17 | MURAYAMA M， YOKOKAWA Y， ITO Y， et al. Computational analysis of noise reduction results for flap side-edges in the FQUROH flight demonstration project［C］∥ 25th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 2019. |
| 18 | PIET J F， DAVY R， ELIAS G， et al. Flight test investigation of add-on treatments to reduce aircraft airframe noise［C］∥ 11th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 2005. |
| 19 | 邓一菊， 段卓毅， 侯银珠. 增升装置气动噪声研究现状与发展趋势［J］. 航空工程进展， 2012， 3（4）： 383-389. |
| DENG Y J， DUAN Z Y， HOU Y Z. Current status and future trend for aero-acoustics research on high-lift devices［J］. Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering， 2012， 3（4）： 383-389 （in Chinese）. | |
| 20 | 郝璇， 张卫民， 周家检， 等. 民用客机增升装置气动噪声研究进展［J］. 民用飞机设计与研究， 2012（3）： 1-7. |
| HAO X， ZHANG W M， ZHOU J J， et al. The progress of civil aircraft high-lift noise research［J］. Civil Aircraft Design & Research， 2012（3）： 1-7 （in Chinese）. | |
| 21 | 刘沛清， 邢宇， 李玲， 等. 现代大型飞机起落架气动噪声研究进展［J］. 空气动力学学报， 2017， 35（6）： 751-759. |
| LIU P Q， XING Y， LI L， et al. Progress in aeroacoustic investigation of modern large aircraft landing gear［J］. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica， 2017， 35（6）： 751-759 （in Chinese）. | |
| 22 | 赵鲲， 梁俊彪， IVAN Belyaev， 等. 民用飞机起落架噪声及其控制技术研究进展［J］. 航空学报， 2022， 43（8）： 026996. |
| ZHAO K， LIANG J B， IVAN B， et al. Review of civil airplane landing gear noise study and its control approaches［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2022， 43（8）： 026996 （in Chinese）. | |
| 23 | 朱自强， 兰世隆. 民机机体噪声及其降噪研究［J］. 航空学报， 2015， 36（2）： 406-421. |
| ZHU Z Q， LAN S L. Study of airframe noise and its reduction for commercial aircraft［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2015， 36（2）： 406-421 （in Chinese）. | |
| 24 | 李强， 陈迎春， 李亚林， 等. 民用飞机增升装置气动噪声学风洞试验初步研究［J］. 民用飞机设计与研究， 2013（3）： 6-11. |
| LI Q， CHEN Y C， LI Y L， et al. Preliminarily investigation on high lift system aerodynamic noise in wind tunnel tests of civil aircraft［J］. Civil Aircraft Design & Research， 2013（3）： 6-11 （in Chinese）. | |
| 25 | DAVY R， REMY H. Airframe noise characteristics of a 1/11 scale Airbus model［C］∥ Proceedings of the 4th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 1998. |
| 26 | HAYES J， HORNE W， SODERMAN P， et al. Airframe noise characteristics of a 4.7 percent scale DC-10 model［C］∥ 3rd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 1997. |
| 27 | 徐康乐， 陈迎春， 徐亮. 基于物理机制模型的民机机体噪声预测［J］. 气体物理， 2021， 6（3）： 77-82. |
| XU K L， CHEN Y C， XU L. Physical model-based airframe noise prediction for civil aircraft［J］. Physics of Gases， 2021， 6（3）： 77-82 （in Chinese）. | |
| 28 | 刘沛清， 郭昊. 北航陆士嘉实验室气动声学风洞试验研究进展［J］. 民用飞机设计与研究， 2022（1）： 1-23. |
| LIU P Q， GUO H. Research progress of aeroacoustics wind tunnel experiments in Beihang LU Shijia Laboratory［J］. Civil Aircraft Design & Research， 2022（1）： 1-23 （in Chinese）. | |
| 29 | ALLEN C， SODERMAN P， ALLEN C， et al. Scaling and extrapolating small-scale in-flow wind tunnel jet noise to full-scale flyover jet noise［C］∥ Proceedings of the 3rd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 1997. |
| 30 | DOBRZYNSKI W， POTT-POLLENSKE M. Slat noise source studies for farfield noise prediction［C］∥ 7th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference and Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 2001. |
| 31 | POTT-POLLENSKE M， DOBRZYNSKI W， BUCHHOLZ H， et al. Validation of a semiempirical airframe noise prediction method through dedicated A319 flyover noise measurements［C］∥ 8th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference & Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 2002. |
| 32 | STOKER R， GUO Y P， STREETT C， et al. Airframe noise source locations of a 777 aircraft in flight and comparisons with past model-scale tests［C］∥ Proceedings of the 9th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference and Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 2003. |
| 33 | PASCIONI K A， CATTAFESTA L N. An aeroacoustic study of a leading-edge slat： Beamforming and far field estimation using near field quantities［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2018， 429： 224-244. |
| 34 | BURLEY C L， BROOKS T F， HUTCHESON F V， et al. Noise scaling and community noise metrics for the hybrid wing body aircraft［C］∥ Proceedings of the 20th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 2014. |
| 35 | BIEDERMANN T M， CZECKAY P， HINTZEN N， et al. Applicability of aeroacoustic scaling laws of leading edge serrations for rotating applications［J］. Acoustics， 2020， 2（3）： 579-594. |
| 36 | MATSUI A， WATANABE T， ABE Y. Aerodynamic noise evaluation for Aeolian tone and acoustical insulating plate by similarity law［J］. Mechanical Engineering Journal， 2020， 7（6）： 20-183-20-00183. |
| 37 | DOBRZYNSKI W， NAGAKURA K， GEHLHAR B， et al. Airframe noise studies on wings with deployed high-lift devices［C］∥ Proceedings of the 4th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. Reston： AIAA， 1998. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
CJA