多模态变构超材料变形机翼设计与验证

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32506

Abstract

Abstract:

As a revolutionary paradigm of the next generation of aircraft， morphing aircraft features the real-time aerodynamic shape reconstruction capability， which can break through the limitation of aerodynamic efficiency and mission adaptability of traditional fixed-wing aircraft. In order to solve the issue of limited morphing freedom and difficulty in achieving distributed continuous deformation of the mechanical metamaterial wings， this paper proposes a multi-modal morphing wing design scheme based on heterogeneous mechanical metamaterials. Firstly， by constructing a basic unit-cell system with gradient mechanical properties， combined with the sequential design of rigid load-bearing unit-cell and flexible deforming unit-cell， the coordinated control of structural lightweight and large morphing capacity is realized. Secondly， the active actuating unit-cell and the transition unit-cell element are further developed， and the parametric space arrangement strategy for the aerodynamic contour was established to form a full-lattice wing structure with multi-modal collaborative morphing capacity. Finally， based on finite element simulation and morphing function experiment， the overall torsion and local thickness adjustment capacity of the wing surface are verified. The results show that the proposed gradient metamaterial wing can achieve continuous torsional deformation of 12°/-9° in the spanwise direction and thickness adjustment of 8% in the chordwise direction. The research results provide a new way to break through the optimization of cross-domain aerodynamic performance and multi-task adaptive control of aircraft， and have important engineering value for the development of intelligent morphing aircraft.

Key words: mechanical metamaterials, morphing wings, multi-modal morphing wing, local variable thickness, overall torsion

CLC Number:

V279

Qi WU, Zhigang WANG, Yu YANG, Yifei LU, Panpan BAO. Design and verification of metamaterial morphing wings with multi-modal morphing capacity[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(7): 232506.

Figures/Tables 23

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Table 1

Results of variable thickness experiments

结果	最大厚度变化量Δh/mm	初始厚度h₀/mm	厚度变化率 $Δ h h ₀ / %$
仿真分析	23.10	284.29	8.13
第1次试验	23.10	287.96	8.02
第2次试验	23.43	286.37	8.18
第2次试验	23.67	285.85	8.28

Table 1

Fig.20

Table 2

Fig.21

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参数	上偏转角/（°）	下偏转角/（°）	控制精度误差/%
重复性误差/%	1.23	4.05
目标值	+12.0	-9.0
第1次试验	+12.3	-8.6	<5
第2次试验	+12.6	-9.3	<5
第3次试验	+12.5	-8.8	<5

Design and verification of metamaterial morphing wings with multi-modal morphing capacity

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