空气环缝对煤油富燃燃气旋转爆震特性影响研究-AFC 2026 优秀论文-增刊

焦中天; 王可; 汪小憨; 范玮

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.34053

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.34053

空气环缝对煤油富燃燃气旋转爆震特性影响研究-AFC 2026 优秀论文-增刊

焦中天 ,
王可 ,
汪小憨 ,
范玮

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1. 西北工业大学
2. 中国科学院广州能源研究所

收稿日期: 2026-06-02

修回日期: 2026-07-01

网络出版日期: 2026-07-16

基金资助

国家自然科学基金;国家自然科学基金;陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目;广东基础与应用基础研究基金

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Effects of air slit widths on the characteristics of rotating detonations utilizing kerosene fuel-rich gas

JIAO Zhong-Tian ,
WANG Ke ,
WANG Xiao-Han ,
FAN Wei

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Received date: 2026-06-02

Revised date: 2026-07-01

Online published: 2026-07-16

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摘要

为了揭示同轴剪切式喷注结构下的煤油富燃燃气/常温空气旋转爆震组织特性，在圆筒形旋转爆震燃烧室中，开展了不同空气环缝宽度下的旋转爆震实验研究。结果显示，环缝宽度为0.5 mm、1.0 mm和1.5 mm时均实现了单波模态的旋转爆震波传播，可爆当量比处于0.4~1.0之间；环缝宽度增加至2.0 mm和2.5 mm时则仅能实现缓燃燃烧。分析表明，环缝内的空气壅塞程度是决定燃烧模态的关键因素，旋转爆震主要发生在空气壅塞工况，此时爆震波速与Chapman-Jouguet理论值相当；少数空气未达壅塞的单波模态工况下速度亏损显著，最大可达25%。由于空气流量同时影响壅塞程度和当量比，环缝宽度越大，越难以同时满足空气壅塞和合适的当量比，越易产生缓燃模态。定量分析指出，空气壅塞程度在喷注刚性和同轴剪切掺混效果两个层面影响旋转爆震特性。当前实验中形成旋转爆震需空气动量大于40 kg·m/s2；在此前提下，空气/燃气动量比进一步决定了速度亏损。动量比处于26~42时，速度亏损随动量比提高而呈现近线性的下降趋势；动量比大于42后，同轴剪切喷注的掺混效果达到最佳，速度亏损不再随动量比显著变化且维持2%以下。

关键词： 富燃燃气; 常温空气; 同轴剪切; 旋转爆震; 燃烧模态; 速度亏损

本文引用格式

焦中天 , 王可 , 汪小憨 , 范玮 . 空气环缝对煤油富燃燃气旋转爆震特性影响研究-AFC 2026 优秀论文-增刊[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.34053

Abstract

To reveal the characteristics of rotating detonations utilizing kerosene fuel-rich gas and ambient air under a coaxial shear injection configuration, experimental research was conducted in a hollow cylindrical rotating detonation combustor with varying air slit widths. Results show that stable single-wave rotating detonation propagation was achieved with slit widths of 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5 mm, within a detonable equivalence ratio range of 0.4~1.0. In contrast, only deflagration combustion was observed when the slit width was increased to 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm. Analysis indicates that the degree of air choking within the slit is the key factor determining the combustion mode. Rotating detonation occurred primarily under choked air conditions, where the detonation wave velocity matched the Chapman-Jouguet theoretical value. A significant velocity deficit, up to 25%, was observed in the few single-wave cases without choked air. Since the air mass flowrate simultaneously affects both the choking condition and the global equivalence ratio, wider slits make it more difficult to satisfy both the choking requirement and a suitable equivalence ratio simultaneously, thereby being more prone to deflagration. Quantitative analysis reveals that the degree of air choking influences the rotating detonation characteristics on two levels: injection stiffness and coaxial shear mixing effectiveness. In the present experiments, forming a rotating detonation required an air momentum flux greater than 40 kg·m/s2. Under this prerequisite, the air-to-fuel momentum ratio further determines the velocity deficit. When the momentum ratio is between 26 and 42, the velocity deficit decreases in a nearly linear trend as the ratio increases. For momentum ratios greater than 42, the mixing effectiveness of the coaxial shear injection reaches its optimum, and the velocity deficit remains below 2% without significant further variation.

Key words： Fuel-rich gas; Ambient air; Coaxial shear injection; Rotating detonation; Combustion mode; Velocity deficit

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