针对星载分布式干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）高精度高程测量对星间基线精密确定需求，提出一种基于激光主动跟踪的高精度星间相对位置测量方法。构建飞秒光梳大范围精密测距、快反镜与位置灵敏探测器（PSD）精密指向测角相融合的高精度星间相对定位系统，同时实现高精度测距和跟踪测角。基于光线追迹矢量分析方法得到准确、完备的空间相对位置测量模型，结合误差传播定律，采用 Monte-Carlo 数值仿真研究相对定位精度随飞秒光梳测距、 快反镜与 PSD 跟踪指向角度误差的变化规律，完成跟踪定位误差分析。仿真结果表明，在300m星间范围内，跟踪范围可达±1.5°，三轴合成位置测量精度优于1mm，能够实现对远距离分布式卫星基线的高精度确定，满足未来星载分布式InSAR等精密编队任务要求。

To address the precise determination requirements of inter-satellite baselines for high-accuracy elevation measurement in spaceborne distributed interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), this study proposes a high-precision inter-satellite relative position measurement method based on active laser tracking. A high-precision inter-satellite relative positioning system is constructed by integrating large-range precise ranging based on femtosecond optical frequency combs with precision pointing and angle measurement relying on fast steering mirrors (FSM) and position-sensitive detectors (PSD), enabling high-precision ranging as well as tracking and angle measurement simultaneously. An accurate and complete spatial relative position measurement model is established via the ray-tracing vector analysis method. Combined with the law of error propagation, Monte-Carlo numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the variation patterns of relative positioning precision with the ranging error of femtosecond optical frequency combs and the tracking pointing angular errors of FSM and PSD, hereby completing the tracking and positioning error analysis. Simulation results demonstrate that within an inter-satellite distance of 300 m, the system achieves a tracking field of ±1.5°, with the combined three-axis position measurement precision better than 1 mm. This method enables high-precision determination of long-distance distributed satellite base-lines, meeting the requirements of future spaceborne distributed InSAR and other precision formation tasks.