航空发动机压气机叶片在服役过程中易产生裂纹等损伤，在视情维修模式下需依据维修手册中的可用限制值进行维修决策。然而目前针对视情维修模式下维修手册中的裂纹型损伤可用限制值的确定缺乏系统化方法。本文以CFM-56发动机高压压气机二级叶片为研究对象，提出一种基于叶片失效准则的裂纹可用限制值确定方法。通过三维扫描建立叶片几何模型，并结合 ABAQUS 与 FRANC3D 进行有限元分析及裂纹扩展仿真，获得裂纹扩展寿命曲线。在此基础上，综合断裂韧度、固有频率偏差及叶尖径向位移三种失效准则，建立叶片外场与车间可用限制值确定方法，并结合发动机检修间隔确定限制值。结果表明：HPC叶片叶身中央区域裂纹损伤的外场可用限制值为8 mm，车间可用限制值为0.76 mm。结合该型号发动机外场与车间维修手册数据，验证了可用限制值的合理性，以及可用限制值确定方法的可行性和有效性，为视情维修模式下关键件裂纹类损伤可用限制值的确定提供了方法。
During the service of aircraft engine compressor blades, cracks and other damages are prone to occur. Under the condition-based maintenance mode, maintenance decisions need to be made based on the available limit values specified in the maintenance manual. However, currently, there is a lack of systematic methods for determining the available limit values for crack-type damages in the maintenance manual under the condition-based maintenance mode. This paper takes the second-stage blades of the high-pressure compressor of a certain type of engine as the research object and proposes a method for determining the available limit values of cracks based on the blade failure criteria. A three-dimensional scan is used to establish the geometric model of the blade, and ABAQUS and FRANC3D are combined for finite element analysis and crack propagation simulation to obtain the crack propagation life curve. On this basis, by integrating the fracture toughness, inherent frequency deviation, and tip radial displacement failure criteria, a method for determining the available limit values for the external field and workshop of the blades is established, and the limit values are determined in combination with the engine maintenance interval. The results show that the external field available limit value for crack damage in the central area of the blade body of the HPC is 8 mm, and the workshop available limit value is 0.76 mm. Combined with the data from the external field and workshop maintenance manuals of this type of engine, the rationality of the available limit values, as well as the feasibility and effectiveness of the available limit value determination method, are verified, providing a method for determining the available limit values for crack-type damages of key components under the condition-based maintenance mode.
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