面向低空经济发展需求，低空飞行器在物流配送、城市监管、应急救援和低空作战等场景中的规模化应用，对低空网络的感知、通信、计算与智能提出了更高要求。针对传统地面网络在三维高动态空域中存在的覆盖不足、链路易断、协同效率低及端侧资源受限等问题，本文综述了面向6G空天地一体化网络的低空协同智能体系架构与关键技术。首先，阐释端云双适架构及其任务流、知识流并行耦合的运行机制；其次，系统梳理跨域协同感知、异构动态组网、协同计算与分布式决策、协同学习等关键技术的研究进展；进一步结合低空黑飞无人机监视、低空网络安全覆盖与弹性信息保障、低空网络作战等典型场景，归纳低空协同智能的应用需求与共性挑战。分析表明，低空协同智能面临的关键问题主要集中于感知可信、连接连续、决策稳定与持续学习等方面。

Facing the development demands of the low-altitude economy, the large-scale application of low-altitude aircraft in scenarios such as logistics distribution, urban supervision, emergency rescue, and low-altitude operations places higher requirements on the perception, communication, computing, and intelligence of low-altitude networks. Addressing the issues of insufficient coverage, fragile links, low coordination efficiency, and limited edge resources in traditional terrestrial networks within three-dimensional high-dynamic airspace, this paper reviews the low-altitude collaborative intelligence architecture and key technologies for 6G space-air-ground integrated networks. First, it explains the operation mechanism of the dual end-cloud adaptive architecture and its parallel coupling of task flows and knowledge flows; next, it systematically reviews the research progress on key technologies such as cross-domain collaborative perception, heterogeneous dynamic networking, collaborative computing and distributed decision-making, and collaborative learning; further, by combining typical scenarios such as surveillance of unauthorized low-altitude drones, low-altitude network security coverage and resilient information assurance, and low-altitude network operations, it summarizes the application requirements and common challenges of low-altitude collaborative intelligence. The analysis indicates that the key issues faced by low-altitude collaborative intelligence mainly concentrate on perception trustworthiness, connection continuity, decision stability, and continuous learning.