含硼凝胶燃料是为冲压发动机等限体积推进装置提供动力的理想推进剂，但其较高粘性和复杂的流变特性，为其应用带来了新的挑战。以一种含硼量50 wt.% 的新型凝胶燃料为研究对象，以其在工程应用中可能面临的复杂环境为背景，设计了一系列实验，探究了剪切速率变化速度、恒定剪切持续时间、预剪切、温度等因素对含硼凝胶燃料黏度的影响规律，并基于剪切应力对实验现象进行了深入分析。研究表明：恒定剪切速率下，带有常数项的幂函数可较为准确描述含硼凝胶燃料黏度随时间的变化规律；预剪切处理可有效破坏含硼凝胶体系结构，并使其在有限时间内难以恢复，而高低温循环难以破坏含硼凝胶体系结构，但可降低凝胶体系结构强度；在恒定剪切速率下，存在临界温度，低于此温度时，凝胶燃料黏度与温度成正相关，高于此温度时，凝胶燃料黏度不发生显著变化；基于剪切应力分析推测，研究使用的含硼凝胶体系具有多级结构，受高低温循环作用时，次级结构恢复能力强于主体结构。

Boron-loaded gel fuel is an ideal propellant to power limited-volume propulsion devices such as ramjet, but its high viscosity and complex rheological properties bring significant challenges for practical application. Taking a novel gel fuel with boron content of 50 wt.% as the research object, a series of experiments were designed considering the complex environment potentially encountered in engineering applications to explore the influence of change rate of shear rate, constant shear duration, pre-shearing, temperature and other factors on the viscosity of boron-loaded gel fuel, and the experimental phenomena were thoroughly analyzed based on shear stress. The results indicate that a power function with constant term can accurately describes the time-dependent viscosity of the gel fuel under constant shear rate. Pre-shearing treatment can effectively destroy the structure of boron-loaded gel system, leading to limited recovery within a short period, while high-low temperature cycling has minimal destructive effect on the gel structure but reduces its overall structural strength. Furthermore, there is a critical temperature at a constant shear rate: below this temperature, the viscosity of the gel fuel exhibits a positive correlation with temperature; above it, the viscosity has no significant change. The analy-sis based on shear stress shows that the boron containing gel system used in the study has a multi-level structure, and the secondary structure recovery ability is stronger than the advanced structure when subjected to high-low temperature cycling. Based on the shear stress analysis, it can be inferred that the boron-loaded gel system used in the research has a multi-level structure. When subjected to temperature cycling, the secondary structure has a stronger recovery ability than the main structure.