针对空间非合作目标存在机动行为时的多约束自主交会问题，本文提出了一种在追踪航天器视线坐标系下、融合遗传算法与线性时变模型预测控制的轨迹规划与控制方法，克服了传统基于LVLH坐标系下设计的控制器在处理空间机动非合作目标交会任务时的局限性，同时避免了导航信息的转换误差。首先，在追踪航天器视线坐标系下建立空间非合作目标相对运动的动力学模型。然后，本文在综合考虑动力学、控制饱和与安全等多重约束的条件下，以燃料最优为指标函数构建优化模型，并利用遗传算法的全局收敛性与强约束处理能力进行求解，进而得到最优的标称轨迹。最后，利用线性时变模型预测控制方法具有方便处理多约束和不确定性的优势设计闭环跟踪控制器，从而对上述标称轨迹进行跟踪控制。仿真表明，所设计的轨迹能够满足控制、动力学和安全等复杂工程约束，并且是一条燃料最优、可控和可达的轨迹。此外，该控制器在存在不确定性时仍表现出良好的控制精度与鲁棒性，为空间机动非合作目标交会问题提供了有效的解决方案。

To address the multi-constraint autonomous rendezvous problem with maneuvering non-cooperative space targets, this paper proposes a trajectory planning and control approach formulated in the chaser spacecraft’s line-of-sight (LOS) coordinate frame, which integrates a genetic algorithm with linear time-varying model predictive control (LTV-MPC). The proposed method overcomes the limitations of traditional controllers designed in the LVLH coordinate frame when dealing with rendezvous missions involving maneuvering non-cooperative targets, while also avoiding errors induced by navigation information transformations. First, a relative motion dynamics model of the non-cooperative target with respect to the chaser spacecraft is established in the chaser spacecraft’s LOS coordinate frame. Then, under the comprehensive consideration of multiple constraints—including dynamics, control saturation, and safety—an optimization model is constructed with fuel optimality as the performance index. The optimization model is solved using a genetic algorithm, leveraging its global convergence properties and strong capability in handling constraints, to obtain an optimal nominal trajectory. Finally, a closed-loop tracking controller is designed using LTV-MPC, which is well suited for handling multiple constraints and uncertainties, to track the nominal trajectory. Simulation results demonstrate that the planned trajectory satisfies complex engineering constraints related to control, dynamics, and safety, and is fuel-optimal, controllable, and reachable. Moreover, the proposed controller maintains high control accuracy and robustness in the presence of uncertainties, providing an effective solution for rendezvous with maneuvering non-cooperative space targets.