非球形冰晶融化与形状演化特性数值模拟

钟富豪; 刘秀芳; 陈佳军; 韩博; 方舟; 侯予

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32933

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32933

非球形冰晶融化与形状演化特性数值模拟

钟富豪 ,
刘秀芳 ,
陈佳军 ,
韩博 ,
方舟 ,
侯予

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西安交通大学

收稿日期: 2025-10-17

修回日期: 2026-01-06

网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

基金资助

国家自然科学基金;国家科技重大专项

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Numerical simulation of melting and shape evolution characteristics of non-spherical ice crystals

ZHONG Fu-Hao ,
LIU Xiu-Fang ,
CHEN Jia-Jun ,
HAN Bo ,
FANG Zhou ,
HOU Yu

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Received date: 2025-10-17

Revised date: 2026-01-06

Online published: 2026-01-09

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China;National Science and Technology Major Project of China

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摘要

本研究旨在探究热气流环境中非球形冰晶的融化特性与形状演化规律。基于流动与相变传热的解耦策略，发展了非球形冰晶融化模型，实现了气-液-固三相耦合传热问题的求解。结果表明，所建立的模型能精确预测冰晶融化的形状演化全过程，且融化时间的预测值与实验值吻合良好，偏差在±15%以内。冰晶形状演化经历三个阶段：初始升温阶段形态保持稳定；部分水覆盖阶段，液态水局部覆盖冰芯表面；完全水覆盖阶段液态水完整包裹冰芯。初始长宽比是主导形状演化的关键因素，长宽比越大，冰晶演化为球形所需的时间越长。进一步构建了无量纲球形度与融化率之间的经验关联式，突破了传统线性近似模型对高长宽比冰晶(λ>2)的预测局限，显著提升了计算精度。

关键词： 冰晶结冰; 非球形; 形状演化; 融化模型; 多相传热

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钟富豪 , 刘秀芳 , 陈佳军 , 韩博 , 方舟 , 侯予 . 非球形冰晶融化与形状演化特性数值模拟[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32933

Abstract

This study investigates the melting characteristics and shape evolution of non-spherical ice crystals in hot airflow environment. A melting model for non-spherical ice crystals was developed based on a decoupling strategy for flow and phase-change heat transfer, enabling a solution to the complex heat transfer problem involving gas-liquid-solid coupling. The results demonstrate that the proposed model accurately predicts the shape evolution process during ice crystal melting, and the predicted melting times agrees well with experimental results, with a deviation of ±15%. The shape evolution of non-spherical ice crystals undergoes three distinct stages: an initial warming stage where the shape remains stable, a partial water coverage stage where liquid water partially covers the ice core surface, and a complete water coverage stage where the ice core is fully enveloped. The initial aspect ratio is identified as the key factor governing the shape evolution during melting. A larger initial aspect ratio results in a longer time re-quired for the ice crystal to evolve into a spherical shape. Furthermore, an empirical correlation between dimen-sionless sphericity and the melting ratio was established, overcoming the limitations of the traditional linear approx-imation model for high-aspect-ratio ice crystals (aspect ratio λ > 2) and significantly improving computational accu-racy.

Key words： ice crystal icing; non-spherical; shape evolution; melting model; multiphase heat transfer

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