石墨烯因其优异的电导率和低密度具有很大的应用潜力，但单一石墨烯因无法满足阻抗匹配的要求，限制其在电磁波吸收领域的应用。目前氮掺杂可以优化石墨烯的微波吸收性能，然而其制备工艺繁杂且制备过程中伴随着环境污染的有机废液，因此采用低成本石墨替代石墨烯简便制备碳基吸波复合材料，具有重要的研究价值。通过一步电爆炸法在不同比例氮氩混合气氛中制备出氮掺杂石墨电磁波吸收材料。实验结果表明：在50 vol.%氮氩混合气氛下制备的氮掺杂石墨最小反射损耗值为-50.40 dB。在厚度为1.30 mm时，其最大有效吸收频宽可达4.24 GHz，雷达反射截面(RCS)缩减值达到36.46 dB m2。一步电爆法制备氮掺杂石墨为低成本电磁波吸波材料的设计提供新思路。

Graphene exhibits great application potential due to its excellent electrical conductivity and low density; however, the inability of pristine graphene to satisfy impedance matching criteria limits its application in the electromagnetic wave absorption field. Currently, nitrogen doping can optimize the microwave absorption properties of graphene, but the preparation process is complicated and accompanied by the generation of organic waste liquids that cause environmental pollution. Therefore, Carbonbased wave-absorbing composites using low-cost graphite as a substitute for graphene via a simple preparation route holds significant research value. The nitrogen-doped graphite as electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials were prepared by a one-step electrical explosion method under nitrogen-argon (N?-Ar) mixed atmospheres with different volume ratios. The nitrogen-doped graphite prepared under a 50 vol.% N?-Ar mixed atmosphere achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL) value of -50.40 dB. When the thickness is 1.30 mm, its maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches 4.24 GHz, and the radar cross-section(RCS)reduction value attains 36.46 dB m2. The one-step electrical explosion method for preparing the nitrogen-doped graphite provides a new insight for the design of low-cost electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials.