在氢能源长航时无人机领域，氢燃料电池动力系统相较于涡轮发动机动力系统展现出更显著的适用性。深入剖析了燃料电池长航时无人机的发展现状，分析总结了典型大型氢燃料电池无人机的特点与适用场景，对制约氢燃料电池长航时无人机发展的关键技术进行了研究，全面梳理了国内外发展现状。提出了一种以航时最大为优化目标的大型氢能源无人机设计方案，开展了总体布局设计，对比不同动力架构形式并选取氢燃料电池-锂电池混合动力系统结构，开展了动力系统方案设计、电机设计、液氢燃料存储设计及能量管理策略设计，基于有限状态机思想构建了能量管理控制策略，仿真结果显示，在典型定速巡航工况和两种变功率工况下，该策略均能在满足总体功率需求的情况下保证燃料电池始终以最佳功率输出，锂电池在负载需求功率较大时放电，在负载需求功率较小时充电，有效保障了动力系统的可靠性，为大型燃料电池锂电池混合能源动力系统无人机设计提供参考。

In the field of long-endurance hydrogen-powered unmanned aerial vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell power systems demonstrate more significant applicability compared to turbine engine power systems. this paper delves into the current development status of long-endurance fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicles, analyzes and summarizes the characteristics and applicable scenarios of typical large-scale hydrogen fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicles, and studies the key technologies that restrict the development of long-endurance hydrogen fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicles. It comprehensively reviews the domestic and international development status. A design scheme for a large-scale hydrogen energy unmanned aerial vehicles with the maximum flight time as the optimization objective is proposed, and the overall design layout design is carried out. Different power architecture forms are compared, and a hydrogen fuel cell - lithium battery hybrid power system structure is selected. The design of power system scheme, electric motor, liquid hydrogen fuel storage, and energy management strategy are carried out. Based on the finite state ma-chine idea, an energy management control strategy is constructed. Simulation results show that under typical constant-speed cruise conditions and two variable-power conditions, this strategy can ensure that the fuel cell always operates at the optimal power output while meeting the overall power demand. The lithium battery discharges when the load demand power is large and charges when the load demand power is small, effectively ensuring the reliability of the power system. This provides a reference for the design of large-scale fuel cell - lithium battery hybrid energy power system unmanned aerial vehicles.