先进飞行器安全控制技术专刊

基于固定时间干扰观测器的空中机器人非奇异终端滑模控制

  • 赵静 ,
  • 潘龙 ,
  • 陆宁云 ,
  • 黄海云 ,
  • 马亚杰 ,
  • 徐丰羽
展开
  • 1.南京邮电大学 自动化学院,南京 210023
    2.南京航空航天大学 自动化学院,南京 210016

收稿日期: 2025-05-22

  修回日期: 2025-07-29

  录用日期: 2025-11-03

  网络出版日期: 2025-11-10

基金资助

直升机动力学全国重点实验室基金(2024-ZSJ-LB-02-05);航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室基金(MCMS-E-0123G04)

A novel nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for aerial robot based on fixed-time disturbance observer

  • Jing ZHAO ,
  • Long PAN ,
  • Ningyun LU ,
  • Haiyun HUANG ,
  • Yajie MA ,
  • Fengyu XU
Expand
  • 1.College of Automation,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China
    2.College of Automation Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China

Received date: 2025-05-22

  Revised date: 2025-07-29

  Accepted date: 2025-11-03

  Online published: 2025-11-10

Supported by

Foundation of National Key Laboratory Foundation of Helicopter Aeromechanics(2024-ZSJ-LB-02-05);Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Aerospace Structural Mechanics and Control(MCMS-E-0123G04)

摘要

针对复合扰动下空中机器人的高精度轨迹跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于固定时间干扰观测器的滑模控制策略。首先,考虑目标抓取后重心偏移与紊流风场耦合因素,采用牛顿-欧拉公式建立六自由度动力学模型,进而设计固定时间收敛的复合干扰观测器进行扰动估计。其次,针对位置控制子系统,设计基于新型趋近律的非奇异快速终端滑模控制器,可以有效避免系统陷入奇异状态,同时提升系统的动态响应性能;针对姿态控制子系统,提出融合积分反步法的混合控制策略,能够增强系统鲁棒性以应对外部干扰。最后,经过仿真对比验证所提方法的有效性。

本文引用格式

赵静 , 潘龙 , 陆宁云 , 黄海云 , 马亚杰 , 徐丰羽 . 基于固定时间干扰观测器的空中机器人非奇异终端滑模控制[J]. 航空学报, 2026 , 47(9) : 532278 -532278 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32278

Abstract

To address the high-precision trajectory tracking control problem for aerial robot under compound disturbances, this paper proposes a sliding mode control strategy based on a fixed-time disturbance observer. First, considering the coupled effects of centroid offset after target grasping and turbulent wind fields, a six-degree-of-freedom dynamic model is established using the Newton-Euler formula and design a fixed-time convergent compound disturbance observer for disturbance estimation. Second, for the position control subsystem, a nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode controller based on a novel reaching law is designed, which can effectively avoid the system falling into a singular state while enhancing the system’s dynamic response performance. For the attitude control subsystem, a hybrid control strategy integrating integral backstepping is proposed to improve the system robustness against external disturbances. Finally, simulation comparisons are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

参考文献

[1] WANG X, GU Y Y, YE C Y. Improvement design of agricultural plant protection UAV[C]∥2020 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Electromechanical Automation (AIEA). Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2020: 479-482.
[2] 陈彦杰, 占巍巍, 张振国, 等. 作业型飞行机器人抓取后重心偏移的轨迹跟踪控制[J]. 控制理论与应用202037(10): 2178-2188.
  CHEN Y J, ZHAN W W, ZHANG Z G, et al. Trajectory tracking control of center of gravity shift for aerial manipulator robot after grasping[J]. Control Theory Applications202037(10): 2178-2188 (in Chinese).
[3] POUNDS P E I, DOLLAR A M. UAV rotorcraft in compliant contact: Stability analysis and simulation[C]∥2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2011: 2660-2667.
[4] WANG M, CHEN Z S, GUO K X, et al. Millimeter-level pick and peg-in-hole task achieved by aerial manipulator[J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics202440: 1242-1260.
[5] WU H J, JIANG L H, LIU X C, et al. Intelligent explosive ordnance disposal UAV system based on manipulator and real-time object detection[C]∥2021 4th International Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Control Engineering (IRCE). Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2021: 61-65.
[6] CAO H Z, SHEN J H, ZHANG Y, et al. Proximal cooperative aerial manipulation with vertically stacked drones[J]. Nature2025646(8085): 576-583.
[7] DING X L, GUO P, XU K, et al. A review of aerial manipulation of small-scale rotorcraft unmanned robotic systems[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics201932(1): 200-214.
[8] 夏鹏程, 罗建军, 王明明, 等. 空间双臂机器人抓捕非合作目标后的协调稳定控制[J]. 航空学报202243(2): 325398.
  XIA P C, LUO J J, WANG M M, et al. Coordinated stabilization control for dual-arm space robot capturing a non-cooperative target[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica202243(2): 325398 (in Chinese).
[9] OLLERO A, TOGNON M, SUAREZ A, et al. Past, present, and future of aerial robotic manipulators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Robotics202238(1): 626-645.
[10] LIANG J C, CHEN Y J, WU Y N, et al. Adaptive prescribed performance control of unmanned aerial manipulator with disturbances[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering202320(3): 1804-1814.
[11] 逯明清, 廖飞, 高福奎, 等. 基于扰动观测器增强的同轴HAUV自适应反步跟踪控制[J]. 航空学报202445(23): 330361.
  LU M Q, LIAO F, GAO F K, et al. Nonlinear disturbance observer enhanced adaptive backstepping tracking control for coaxial HAUV[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica202445(23): 330361 (in Chinese).
[12] SU X J, QING F D, CHANG H B, et al. Trajectory tracking control of human support robots via adaptive sliding-mode approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics202454(3): 1747-1754.
[13] XU W H, CAO L J, PENG B Y, et al. Adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control of aerial manipulation based on nonlinear disturbance observer[J]. Drones20237(2): 88.
[14] YANG H, LEE D. Dynamics and control of quadrotor with robotic manipulator[C]∥2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2014: 5544-5549.
[15] KIM M J, KONDAK K, OTT C. A stabilizing controller for regulation of UAV with manipulator[J]. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters20183(3): 1719-1726.
[16] CHEN Y J, LIANG J C, WU Y N, et al. Adaptive sliding-mode disturbance observer-based finite-time control for unmanned aerial manipulator with prescribed performance[J]. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics202353(5): 3263-3276.
[17] ZHANG Z G, CHEN Y J, WU Y N, et al. Gliding grasping analysis and hybrid force/position control for unmanned aerial manipulator system[J]. ISA Transactions2022126: 377-387.
[18] 张广玉, 何玉庆, 代波, 等. 面向抓取作业的飞行机械臂系统及其控制[J].机器人201941(1): 19-29.
  ZHANG G Y, HE Y Q, DAI B, et al. Towards grasping task: System and control of an aerial manipulator[J]. Robot201941(1): 19-29 (in Chinese).
[19] RUGGIERO F, TRUJILLO M A, CANO R, et al. A multilayer control for multirotor UAVs equipped with a servo robot arm[C]∥2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2015: 4014-4020.
[20] FRESK E, WUTHIER D, NIKOLAKOPOULOS G. Generalized center of gravity compensation for multirotors with application to aerial manipulation[C]∥2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2017: 4424-4429.
[21] ZHANG Y J, WEN L Y, JIANG B. Analysis of dynamic mutation of a quadrotor system under wind disturbance[C]∥2023 6th International Symposium on Autonomous Systems (ISAS). Piscataway: IEEE Press, 2023: 1-6.
[22] FAZELI ASL S B, MOOSAPOUR S S. Adaptive backstepping fast terminal sliding mode controller design for ducted fan engine of thrust-vectored aircraft[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology201771: 521-529.
[23] CHEN M, SHAO S Y, JIANG B. Adaptive neural control of uncertain nonlinear systems using disturbance observer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics201747(10): 3110-3123.
[24] ZHAO J, DING X Q, JIANG B, et al. A novel sliding mode fault-tolerant control strategy for variable-mass quadrotor[J]. International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control202333(17): 10199-10226.
[25] TANG P, LIN D F, ZHENG D, et al. Observer based finite-time fault tolerant quadrotor attitude control with actuator faults[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology2020104: 105968.
[26] YANG X B, WANG Y J, YANG J E, et al. Fault-tolerant control based on fixed-time observer for a 3-DOF helicopter system[J]. International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems202018(12): 2993-3000.
[27] CLOSE J, VAN M, MCILVANNA S. PID-fixed time sliding mode control for trajectory tracking of AUVs under disturbance[J]. IFAC-PapersOnLine202458(20): 281-286.
[28] WANG M, LYU S K, LIU Q Y, et al. Precise end-effector control for an aerial manipulator under composite disturbances: Theory and experiments[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering202522: 4006-4021.
[29] 杨永刚, 宋炜. 风场干扰下四旋翼无人机的飞行控制与仿真[J]. 中国民航大学学报202139(3): 16-21.
  YANG Y G, SONG W. Flight control and simulation of quad-rotor UAV under wind field disturbance[J]. Journal of Civil Aviation University of China202139(3): 16-21 (in Chinese).
[30] NING B D, HAN Q L, ZUO Z Y, et al. Fixed-time and prescribed-time consensus control of multiagent systems and its applications: A survey of recent trends and methodologies[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics202319(2): 1121-1135.
[31] CHEN C Y, HAN Y Y, ZHU S, et al. Neural network-based fixed-time tracking and containment control of second-order heterogeneous nonlinear multiagent systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems202435(8): 11565-11579.
[32] LIU K, WANG R J, ZHENG S J, et al. Fixed-time disturbance observer-based robust fault-tolerant tracking control for uncertain quadrotor UAV subject to input delay[J]. Nonlinear Dynamics2022107(3): 2363-2390.
[33] XIE J B, WANG S C, DAI H, et al. Adaptive neural control with fast approximation for uncertain nonlinear systems: A novel composite learning approach[J]. Asian Journal of Control202325(6): 4481-4498.
[34] KEMPER M, FATIKOW S. Impact of center of gravity in quadrotor helicopter controller design[J]. IFAC Proceedings Volumes200639(16): 157-162.
[35] 钟杭, 王耀南, 李玲, 等. 旋翼飞行机械臂建模及动态重心补偿控制[J]. 控制理论与应用201633(3): 311-320.
  ZHONG H, WANG Y N, LI L, et al. Rotor-flying manipulator modeling and control with dynamic compensation for gravity offset[J]. Control Theory Applications201633(3): 311-320 (in Chinese).
[36] LIANG J C, CHEN Y J, LAI N B, et al. Robust observer-based trajectory tracking control for unmanned aerial manipulator[J]. International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems202321(2): 616-629.
文章导航

/