材料工程与机械制造

固体发动机药柱加压固化残余应力应变产生与释放机制解析

  • 魏嘉 ,
  • 于宝石 ,
  • 张大鹏 ,
  • 申志彬 ,
  • 雷勇军
展开
  • 1.国防科技大学 空天科学学院,长沙 410073
    2.空天任务智能规划与仿真湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410073
    3.火箭军工程大学,西安 710025

收稿日期: 2024-12-13

  修回日期: 2024-12-31

  录用日期: 2025-01-21

  网络出版日期: 2025-02-06

基金资助

固体推进全国重点实验室研究基金(2024020404);国防科技大学自主创新科学基金(22-ZZCX-077);国防科技大学空天科学院青年人才自主研究培育项目

Generation and release mechanism of residual stress and strain in solid rocket motor propellant grain with pressure cure

  • Jia WEI ,
  • Baoshi YU ,
  • Dapeng ZHANG ,
  • Zhibin SHEN ,
  • Yongjun LEI
Expand
  • 1.College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China
    2.Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions,Changsha 410073,China
    3.Rocket Force University of Engineering,Xi’?an 710025,China

Received date: 2024-12-13

  Revised date: 2024-12-31

  Accepted date: 2025-01-21

  Online published: 2025-02-06

Supported by

National Key Laboratory of Solid Rocket Propulsion(2024020404);Independent Innovation Science Fund Project of the National University of Defense Technology(22-ZZCX-077);Independent Research and Cultivation Project for Young Talents of College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology

摘要

为探究加压固化工艺下固体发动机药柱固化残余应力应变的产生与释放机制,基于黏弹性理论、有限差分法、增量法,建立了考虑固化降温过程中热-化-力多物理场耦合的理论模型,揭示了药柱固化残余应力应变的组成、分布、演化规律,获得了药柱温度、固化度与固化残余应力应变之间的映射关系,并进一步优化了药柱固化残余应力应变的释放路径。结果表明,药柱固化残余应力应变主要由固化阶段热膨胀、固化收缩、降温阶段冷却收缩3部分累积造成,其分别引起的固化残余应力占比约为5%、12%、83%,固化残余应变占比约为-1%、24%、77%。降温阶段随着药柱内部温度降低,固化残余应力应变线性增大。采用理论模型计算得到了加压固化工艺的最佳压力载荷,其与壳体环向弹性模量呈线性关系。相比常规加压固化工艺,基于固化响应组成、演化规律优化的工艺路径,可以使固化降温过程中的最大固化残余应力应变降低50%以上。

本文引用格式

魏嘉 , 于宝石 , 张大鹏 , 申志彬 , 雷勇军 . 固体发动机药柱加压固化残余应力应变产生与释放机制解析[J]. 航空学报, 2025 , 46(16) : 431661 -431661 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31661

Abstract

To investigate the generation and release mechanism of residual stress and strain in solid rocket motor propellant grain with pressure cure, a theoretical model considering the coupling of thermochemical-mechanical multi physics fields during curing and cooling process was developed based on viscoelastic theory, finite difference method, and incremental method. The composition, distribution and evolution laws of residual stress and strain of grain were revealed. The mapping relationships between temperature, degree of cure, residual stress and strain of grain were obtained. The release path of residual stress and strain of grain was optimized. The results showed that the residual stress and strain of grain were mainly caused by the accumulation of three parts: thermal expansion and cure shrinkage during curing stage, and cooling shrinkage during cooling stage. The residual stress caused by three parts accounted for about 5%, 12% and 83% respectively. The residual strain caused by three parts accounted for about -1%, 24% and 77% respectively. During cooling stage, as the temperature of grain decreases, the residual stress and strain linearly increase. Using the proposed theoretical model, the optimal pressure load of pressure cure technology was calculated, which is linearly related to the circumferential elastic modulus of the case. Compared with the conventional pressure cure technology, the optimized technology based on the composition and evolution laws of response can reduce the maximum residual stress and strain during curing and cooling process by an average of about 65.5%.

参考文献

[1] 王鸿丽, 许进升, 陈雄, 等. 改性双基推进剂黏弹-黏塑性本构模型[J]. 航空学报201738(4): 220505.
  WANG H L, XU J S, CHEN X, et al. Viscoelastic-viscoplastic constitutive model for modified double base propellant[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica201738(4): 220505 (in Chinese).
[2] 李磊. 基于结构完整性分析的固体火箭发动机药形改进与优化设计[D]. 长沙: 国防科学技术大学, 2011: 2.
  LI L. Shape improvement and optimization of solid rocket motor grain based on structural integrity analysis [D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2011: 2 (in Chinese).
[3] 艾诗迪, 李军伟, 田忠亮, 等. 横向复合过载下固体火箭发动机压强振荡研究[J]. 航空学报202445(22): 130233.
  AI S D, LI J W, TIAN Z L, et al. Study of solid rocket motor pressure oscillations under lateral composite overloads[J]. China Industrial Economics202445(22): 130233 (in Chinese).
[4] 吴建军, 胡泽君, 何志成, 等. 电控固体推进技术研究进展[J]. 航空学报202344(15): 528716.
  WU J J, HU Z J, HE Z C, et al. Research progress of electrically controlled solid propulsion technology?[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica202344(15): 528716 (in Chinese).
[5] 童心, 陈雄, 许进升, 等. 循环加载下复合推进剂的能量耗散[J]. 航空学报201839(11): 222330.
  TONG X, CHEN X, XU J S, et al. Energy dissipation of composite propellant under cyclic loading?[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica201839(11): 222330 (in Chinese).
[6] LIU X Y, XIE X Y, ZHOU D M, et al. Numerical analysis of curing residual stress and strain in NEPE propellant grain[J]. Polymers202315(4): 1019.
[7] CHASE C. Pioneers in propulsion-a history of CSD, Pratt & Whitney’?s solid rocket company?[C]?∥46th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston: AIAA, 2010: 6909.
[8] HUNT D A. Computing pressure cure viscoelastic effects in solid propellants[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets19729(12): 937-938.
[9] ELLIS R, HAMMOND R, DONGUY P. Advanced space motor demonstration[C]?∥16th Joint Propulsion Conference. Reston: AIAA, 1980: 1270.
[10] 宋明德. 日本MU顶级发动机研制现状[J]. 固体火箭技术199013(4): 81-90.
  SONG M D. Development status of MU top engine in Japan[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology199013(4): 81-90 (in Chinese).
[11] 荒井敬司, 石秀发. 固体火箭发动机加压固化的研究[J]. 国外固体火箭技术19847(4): 54-62.
  HUANG J, SHI X F. Study on pressure curing of solid rocket motor[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology19847(4): 54-62 (in Chinese).
[12] 宗路航, 杜聪, 卢山, 等. 固体火箭发动机药柱加压固化仿真[J]. 固体火箭技术201538(5): 653-656.
  ZONG L H, DU C, LU S, et al. Simulation on pressure cure of solid rocket motor grain[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology201538(5): 653-656 (in Chinese).
[13] 刘凯, 郜婕, 韩翔, 等. 加压固化工艺对药柱结构完整性的影响[J]. 固体火箭技术202245(4): 648-652.
  LIU K, GAO J, HAN X, et al. Influence of pressure curing on the integrity of grain structure[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology202245(4): 648-652 (in Chinese).
[14] CUI Z X, LI H Y, SHEN Z B, et al. Analysis of load optimization in solid rocket motor propellant grain with pressure cure[J]. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering20212021(1): 5026878.
[15] CUI Z X, LI H Y, SHEN Z B, et al. A viscoelastic constitutive model of propellant with pressure cure[J]. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 202146(7): 1036-1048.
[16] 崔占鑫. 复合固体推进剂加压固化粘弹性本构模型及其应用[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2021: 33-72.
  CUI Z X. Viscoelastic constitutive model and its application to composite solid propellant in pressure cure stage [D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2021: 33-72 (in Chinese).
[17] 缪求文, 申志彬, 崔占鑫, 等. 固体火箭发动机加压固化压强优化设计[J]. 固体火箭技术202245(4): 589-593.
  MIAO Q W, SHEN Z B, CUI Z X, et al. Optimal design of curing/pressure of solid rocket motor[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology202245(4): 589-593 (in Chinese).
[18] 于宝石, 雷勇军, 申志彬, 等. 固体发动机药柱结构固化残余应力分析与控制技术[J]. 航空学报202546(8): 31083.
  YU B S, LEI Y J, SHEN Z B, et al. Review on analysis and control technology of curing residual stress in solid motor propellants[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica202546(8): 31083. (in Chinese).
[19] 梁党通, 贾小锋, 胡子衍, 等. 固体推进剂药柱加压固化工艺研究[C]?∥2017航天先进制造技术国际研讨会文集. 北京: 中国机械工程学会, 2017.
  LIANG D T, JIA X F, HU Z Y, et al. Research on pressure curing process of solid propellant grain[C]?∥Proceedings of the International Symposium on Aerospace Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2017. Beijing: Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society, 2017 (in Chinese).
[20] 张恺宁, 王春光, 刘琪琪, 等. 一种固体推进剂加压固化装置: CN218620659U[P]. 2023-03-14.
  ZHANG K N, WANG C G, LIU Q Q, et al. A solid propellant pressure curing device: CN202223130392.2[P]. 2023-03-14 (in Chinese).
[21] 申志彬, 张慧慧, 李海阳, 等. 一种用于固体推进剂浇注生产的温压协同固化方法与装置: CN116927977A[P]. 2023-10-24.
  SHEN Z B, ZHANG H H, LI H Y, et al. A temperature pressure synergistic cure method and device for solid propellant casting production: CN202311077810.2[P]. 2023-10-24 (in Chinese).
[22] 刘仔, 权恩, 褚佑彪, 等. 固体火箭发动机加压固化理论及仿真研究[J]. 固体火箭技术201942(5): 576-579, 596.
  LIU Z, QUAN E, CHU Y B, et al. Theoretical and simulation research on pressure cure of solid rocket motor[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology201942(5): 576-579, 596 (in Chinese).
[23] ZHANG K N, WANG C G, LI Q, et al. Strain prediction of grain in solid rocket motor under the pressure curing molding technology[J]. International Journal of Aerospace Engineering20232023(1): 8107966.
[24] BOGETTI T A, GILLESPIE J W. Process-induced stress and deformation in thick-section thermoset composite laminates?[J]. Journal of Composite Materials199226(5): 626-660.
[25] WANG Q, YANG X F, ZHANG X W, et al. Effect of cure cycles on residual stresses in thick composites using multi-physics coupled analysis with multiple constitutive models[J]. Materials Today Communications202232: 104094.
[26] KIM Y K, WHITE S R. Stress relaxation behavior of 3501-6 epoxy resin during cure[J]. Polymer Engineering & Science199636(23): 2852-2862.
[27] HUI X Y, XU Y J, ZHANG W C, et al. Multiscale collaborative optimization for the thermochemical and thermomechanical cure process during composite manufacture[J]. Composites Science and Technology2022224: 109455.
[28] MA S, FAN H J, ZHANG N, et al. Investigation of a low-toxicity energetic binder for a solid propellant: Curing, microstructures, and performance[J]. ACS Omega20205(47): 30538-30548.
[29] 周东谟, 谢旭源, 王瑞民, 等. NEPE推进剂固化降温过程残余应力应变分析[J]. 含能材料202432(2): 193-203.
  ZHOU D M, XIE X Y, WANG R M, et al. Residual stress/strain analysis of NEPE propellant under curing and cooling[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials202432(2): 193-203 (in Chinese).
[30] 章顺全, 孟祥斌. 正交各向异性玻璃钢厚壁圆筒受内压作用时筒壁应力的计算[J]. 化工设备设计199128(3): 7-10.
  ZHANG S Q, MENG X B. Calculation of wall stress of orthotropic FRP thick-walled cylinder under internal pressure[J]. Process Equipment & Piping199128(3): 7-10 (in Chinese).
[31] 朱伯芳. 有限单元法原理与应用[M]. 4版. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2018: 385.
  ZHU B F. Finite element method theory and applications[M]. 4th ed. Beijing: China Water & Power Press, 2018: 385 (in Chinese).
[32] 蒙上阳, 唐国金, 雷勇军. 材料性能对固体发动机结构完整性的影响[J]. 国防科技大学学报200224(5): 10-15.
  MENG S Y, TANG G J, LEI Y J. Effects of solid rocket motor material properties on the structure integrity[J]. Journal of National University of Defense Technology200224(5): 10-15 (in Chinese).
[33] 刘中兵, 周艳青, 张兵. 固体发动机低温点火条件下药柱结构完整性分析[J]. 固体火箭技术201538(3): 351-355.
  LIU Z B, ZHOU Y Q, ZHANG B. Structural integrity analysis on grains of solid rocket motor at low temperature ignition?[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology201538(3): 351-355 (in Chinese).
[34] 卢鑫浩, 叶宝云, 程王健, 等. B-GAP基推进剂药浆流变特性和固化动力学研究[J]. 含能材料202230(11): 1083-1089.
  LU X H, YE B Y, CHENG W J, et al. Research on rheological properties and curing kinetics of B-GAP-based propellant slurry[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials202230(11): 1083-1089 (in Chinese).
[35] 刘琪琪, 王春光, 张恺宁, 等. HEDM推进剂的非线性粘弹损伤本构及其细观损伤演化研究[J]. 固体火箭技术202346(1): 88-95.
  LIU Q Q, WANG C G, ZHANG K N, et al. Nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model and meso-damage evolution of HEDM propellant[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology202346(1): 88-95 (in Chinese).
[36] 陈支厦, 郑邯勇, 王树峰, 等. B-GAP对复合固体推进剂能量性能影响理论研究[J]. 化学推进剂与高分子材料20119(5): 61-64.
  CHEN Z S, ZHENG H Y, WANG S F, et al. Theoretical research on influence of B-GAP on energy performance of composite solid propellant[J]. Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials20119(5): 61-64 (in Chinese).
[37] 刘世俭, 王艳茹. 固体火箭发动机药柱固化收缩应力分析[C]∥2000年全国固体火箭发动机设计技术学术交流会.论文集. 北京: 中国宇航学会, 2000.
  LIU S J, WANG Y R. Analysis of cure shrinkage stress of solid rocket motor grain[C]?∥Proceedings of the National Solid Rocket Engine Design Technology Academic Exchange Conference. Beijing: Chinese Society of Astronautics, 2000 (in Chinese).
[38] 邓斌, 申志彬, 段静波, 等. 考虑对流换热影响的固体发动机热力耦合分析[J]. 固体火箭技术201235(1): 42-46.
  DENG B, SHEN Z B, DUAN J B, et al. Thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of SRM considering effects of convective heat transfer[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology201235(1): 42-46 (in Chinese).
[39] GON?ALVES P T, ARTEIRO A, ROCHA N, et al. Numerical analysis of micro-residual stresses in a carbon/epoxy polymer matrix composite during curing process[J]. Polymers202214(13): 2653.
文章导航

/