全机着陆地面载荷是运输类飞机设计与性能优化的基本输入之一，为研究运输类飞机全机着陆的地面载荷特征及其影响因素，以典型单通道飞机简化模型实验件为对象，设计全机着陆实验方案，建立考虑机体柔性的全机着陆仿真分析模型，通过实验和仿真讨论着陆条件、机体质量以及机体柔性等因素对其地面载荷的影响规律。结果表明：通过全机着陆实验获得的飞机地面载荷可以有效考虑机体柔性的影响；全机着陆仿真模型具有较好的预测精度，与地面载荷实验结果的曲线峰值误差均在5%以内，相关系数均大于0.967；下沉速度对飞机着陆载荷影响最显著，敏感度系数为1.084；而俯仰角的影响最弱，敏感度系数仅为0.030。随着着陆质量的增大，地面载荷及缓冲器吸收功量显著增大，缓冲效率逐渐降低，地面载荷峰值、缓冲器吸收功量、缓冲器效率对着陆质量的敏感度分别为0.918、1.131和0.086；随着机体刚度的降低，机体柔性效应显著增强，地面载荷峰值、缓冲器吸收功量、缓冲器效率逐渐降低，机体柔性对运输类飞机着陆载荷的影响不可忽略。

The full-aircraft landing ground load is one of the basic inputs for transport aircraft design and performance optimization. In order to study the characteristics of the ground load and its influencing factors during the full-aircraft landing， we take the typical single-channel simplified aircraft test piece as the object， designs the full-aircraft landing test scheme， and establishes the full-aircraft landing simulation analysis model which considers the flexibility of the fuselage. Through experimental and simulation analysis， the influence laws of landing conditions， fuselage weight， and fuselage flexibility on its ground load are discussed. The results show that the aircraft ground load obtained from the full-aircraft landing experiment can effectively consider influence of fuselage flexibility. The full-aircraft landing simulation model has a good prediction accuracy， the error between the curve peak and the ground load experimental result is within 5%， and the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.967. The landing velocity has the most significant effect on the aircraft landing load， and the sensitivity coefficient is 1.084. The effect of the pitch angle is the weakest， and the sensitivity coefficient is only 0.030. With the increase of landing weight， the ground load and the energy absorption amount of the buffer increase significantly， the buffer efficiency gradually decreases， and the sensitivity of the ground load peak， the buffer absorption energy， and buffer efficiency to the landing weight are 0.918， 1.131， and 0.086， respectively. With the decrease of the stiffness of the fuselage， the flexibility effect of the fuselage is significantly enhanced， and the ground load peak， the buffer absorption energy， and the efficiency gradually decrease. The influence of the fuselage flexibility on the transport aircraft landing load cannot be ignored.