预载作用下2A12铝合金高能激光毁伤失效研究
收稿日期: 2025-06-03
修回日期: 2025-06-24
录用日期: 2025-07-22
网络出版日期: 2025-08-11
基金资助
国家级项目
Damage effect of high-energy laser on 2A12 aluminum alloy under boundary preload
Received date: 2025-06-03
Revised date: 2025-06-24
Accepted date: 2025-07-22
Online published: 2025-08-11
Supported by
National Level Project
高能激光武器已逐渐成为当今战场上除传统动能武器之外的重要新质毁伤源。在飞机真实服役状态中，蒙皮等外部结构在空气压力作用下将承受长周期载荷作用，因此开展激光毁伤研究时有必要考虑结构边界载荷的影响。面向边界载荷影响下材料高能激光毁伤效应问题，以典型2A12航空铝合金材料为对象开展了高能连续激光辐照试验研究，重点结合边界预应力加载装置分析了边界预载荷对材料响应与损伤行为的影响。发现影响区域融化后在重力作用下向下流动并形成穿孔是高能连续激光辐照下铝合金材料的主要毁伤模式。在预载边界条件下，热膨胀与热软化共同影响目标的热力响应，根据边界载荷曲线观测结果可将烧蚀过程分为3个阶段。当激光辐照终止后，拉伸与压缩预载工况下结构边界载荷分别恢复到80%以及25%左右，证明材料发生了类似于塑性变形的不可逆损伤。此外，基于试验结果建立了考虑相变与流动的热力耦合仿真分析模型，通过对热膨胀系数和弹性模量退化方式的探讨揭示了热膨胀与热软化在激光烧蚀过程中的影响规律。
张宇 , 李达诚 , 刘小川 , 李玉龙 . 预载作用下2A12铝合金高能激光毁伤失效研究[J]. 航空学报, 2025 , 46(21) : 532358 -532358 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32358
High-energy laser weapons have gradually emerged as a critical new destructive capability on modern battlefields， complementing traditional kinetic weapons. In real service conditions of aircraft， external structures such as skins are subjected to long-term cyclic loads due to air pressure. Therefore， it is essential to consider the influence of boundary loads when studying laser-induced damage. Focusing on the problem of high-energy laser damage effects under boundary loading conditions， this study conducted experiments on a typical 2A12 aerospace aluminum alloy under high-energy continuous laser irradiation. By integrating a boundary preload loading apparatus， the effects of boundary preloads on material response and damage behavior were analyzed. It was found that the primary damage mode under continuous high-energy laser irradiation involves molten material flowing downward under gravitational forces to form perforations. Under boundary preload conditions， thermo-expansion and thermal softening jointly influence the thermomechanical response of the target. Observations of boundary load curves during the ablation process revealed three distinct stages. After laser irradiation ceased， residual boundary loads in tensile and compressive preloading conditions recovered to approximately 80% and 25%， respectively， indicating irreversible damage akin to plastic deformation. Furthermore， a thermomechanical coupling simulation model incorporating phase transformation and material flow was established based on experimental results. By analyzing the degradation pattens of thermal expansion coefficients and elastic modulus， the roles of thermo-expansion and thermal softening during laser ablation were elucidated.
| [1] | MAIMAN T H. Stimulated optical radiation in ruby［J］. Nature， 1960， 187（4736）： 493-494. |
| [2] | LAZOV L， ANGELOV N. The 50th anniversary of laser［J］. Contemporary Materials， 2010 （1）：68-73. |
| [3] | COOK J. High-energy laser weapons since the early 1960s［J］. Optical Engineering， 2013， 52（2）： 021007. |
| [4] | EINSTEIN A. On the quantum theory of radiation［M］∥Concepts of quantum optics. Amsterdam： Elsevier， 1983： 93-104. |
| [5] | 柳沅汛. 激光冲击作用下材料的表面形貌与变形行为研究［D］. 北京： 中国科学院大学， 2013. |
| LIU Y X. Study of material surface morphology and deformation behavior under laser impact［D］. Beijing： University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， 2013 （in Chinese）. | |
| [6] | MEDFORD J， GRAY P. The response of structural materials to combined laser and mechanical loading： AIAA-1980-1550 ［R］. Reston： AIAA， 1980. |
| [7] | 陈海韬， 夏生杰， 李旭昌， 等. 受拉铝板对连续波CO2激光的热机械响应［J］. 强激光与粒子束， 1992， 4（1）： 141-147. |
| CHEN H T， XIA S J， LI X C， et al. Thermomechanical response of Al plates under tension to cw CO2 laser radiation［J］. High Power Laser & Particle Beams， 1992， 4（1）： 141-147 （in Chinese）. | |
| [8] | 郑启光， 辜建辉， 陶星之， 等. 高功率连续波CO2激光辐照加载铝板的研究［J］. 激光技术， 1998， 22（6）： 382-386. |
| ZHENG Q G， GU J H， TAO X Z， et al. Pre loaded LY12 aluminum alloy irradiated by high power laser beam［J］. Laser Technology， 1998， 22（6）： 382-386 （in Chinese）. | |
| [9] | 王亭亭， 刘立婷， 龙连春. 激光辐照预加载荷铝合金试件破坏测试［C］∥北京力学会第18届学术年会论文集， 2012. |
| WANG T T， LIU L T， LONG L C. Damage tests of preloaded aluminum under laser irradiation［C］∥Annual Conference of the Beijing Society of Mechanics， 2012 （in Chinese）. | |
| [10] | ZHU Y， YE X S， LIN X W， et al. Experimental investigation on the damage effect of steel structure by continuous laser under preloaded invariable stretching stress［J］. 2nd International Symposium on Laser Interaction with Matter （LIMIS 2012）， 2013， 8796： 87960P. |
| [11] | FLORANDO J N， MARGRAF J D， REUS J F， et al. Modeling the effect of laser heating on the strength and failure of 7075-T6 aluminum［J］. Materials Science and Engineering： A， 2015， 640： 402-407. |
| [12] | 陈伊铭， 李泽文， 唐杰， 等. 激光与外载荷联合加载7075铝合金的实验研究［J］. 激光技术， 2023， 47（1）： 13-18. |
| CHEN Y M， LI Z W， TANG J， et al. Experimental study of 7075 aluminum alloy under laser and external loading［J］. Laser Technology， 2023， 47（1）： 13-18 （in Chinese）. | |
| [13] | JELANI M， LI Z W， SHEN Z H， et al. Experimental investigations on thermo mechanical behaviour of aluminium alloys subjected to tensile loading and laser irradiation［J］. Fourth International Symposium on Laser Interaction with Matter， 2017， 10173： 101730E. |
| [14] | JELANI M， LI Z W， SHEN Z H， et al. Failure response of simultaneously pre-stressed and laser irradiated aluminum alloys［J］. Applied Sciences， 2017， 7（5）： 464. |
| [15] | JELANI M， LI Z W， SHEN Z H， et al. Thermomechanical response of aluminum alloys under the combined action of tensile loading and laser irradiations［J］. Chinese Physics B， 2018， 27（3）： 037901. |
| [16] | DOUALLE T， REYMOND M， PONTILLON Y， et al. Laser ablation of graphite with near infrared microsecond pulses［J］. Applied Physics A， 2021， 127（9）： 722. |
| [17] | MAYI Y A， DAL M， PEYRE P， et al. Transient dynamics and stability of keyhole at threshold in laser powder bed fusion regime investigated by finite element modeling［J］. Journal of Laser Applications， 2021， 33： 012024. |
| [18] | MAYI Y A， DAL M， PEYRE P， et al. Physical mechanisms of conduction-to-keyhole transition in laser welding and additive manufacturing processes［J］. Optics & Laser Technology， 2023， 158： 108811. |
| [19] | DALIGAULT J， DAL M， GORNY C， et al. Combination of Eulerian and ray-tracing approaches for copper laser welding simulation［J］. Journal of Laser Applications， 2022， 34（4）： 042042. |
| [20] | YIN J H， CAO Y Z， CUI Y W， et al. Nd： YAG laser ablation of aluminum alloy 6061 before and after silicon dioxide coating［J］. Journal of Alloys and Compounds， 2021， 877： 160329. |
| [21] | KI H， MOHANTY P S， MAZUMDER J. Modelling of high-density laser-material interaction［J］. Journal of Physics D： Applied Physics， 2001， 34（3）： 364. |
| [22] | 张廷忠， 张冲， 李晋， 等. Ti6Al4V合金毫秒激光打孔重铸层的形成机制［J］. 光学学报， 2017， 37（2）： 144-153. |
| ZHANG T Z， ZHANG C， LI J， et al. Formation mechanism of recast layer in millisecond laser drilling of Ti6Al4V alloys［J］. Acta Optica Sinica， 2017， 37（2）： 144-153 （in Chinese）. | |
| [23] | 张廷忠. 毫秒激光打孔过程熔融喷溅、重铸层和微裂纹形成机理研究［D］. 南京： 南京理工大学， 2017. |
| ZHANG T Z. Study on the mechanism of melt ejection， recast layer and micro crack formation in millisecond laser drilling［D］. Nanjing： Nanjing University of Science and Technology， 2017 （in Chinese）. | |
| [24] | GAO Z N， WANG L L， LYU F Y， et al. Temperature variation and mass transport simulations of invar alloy during continuous-wave laser melting deposition［J］. Optics & Laser Technology， 2022， 152： 108163. |
| [25] | HáLA P， ZEMANOVá A， ZEMAN J， et al. Numerical study on failure of laminated glass subjected to low-velocity impact［J］. Glass Structures & Engineering， 2023， 8（1）： 99-117. |
| [26] | BLEVIN W R， BROWN W J. A precise measurement of the stefan-Boltzmann constant［J］. Metrologia， 1971， 7（1）： 15. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
CJA