基于工程的超声速民机宽速域机翼设计
收稿日期: 2025-03-03
修回日期: 2025-06-24
录用日期: 2025-07-22
网络出版日期: 2025-07-30
Broad-speed-range wing design of supersonic civil aircraft based on engineering
Received date: 2025-03-03
Revised date: 2025-06-24
Accepted date: 2025-07-22
Online published: 2025-07-30
超声速民机气动设计除了需要保证超声速的气动性能外，还需满足工程要求的低速特性，特别需关注低速状态俯仰力矩上仰角度、副翼效率特性。采用经试验验证的基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程的计算流体动力学（CFD）数值方法对某典型低声爆超声速民机构型进行了全速域气动特性计算，分析了导致俯仰力矩上仰、副翼效率不足现象的原因，研究了前缘半径、前缘下垂位置、外翼段后掠角等关键参数对高/低速气动特性匹配的影响规律，开展了宽速域翼型、机翼优化设计。经评估，优化方案在马赫数Ma=1.8时气动性能良好，升阻比为8.28；在Ma=0.3时俯仰力矩上仰迎角推迟至14°，副翼效率在计算迎角范围内均保持80%以上。研究提出了一种满足工程需求的宽速域机翼气动设计方案，对于解决超声速民机高/低速气动特性匹配问题具有工程实用价值。
廖振荣 , 李军府 , 赵博文 , 张明 , 谢露 , 韩忠华 , 艾梦琪 . 基于工程的超声速民机宽速域机翼设计[J]. 航空学报, 2025 , 46(20) : 531915 -531915 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31915
In addition to ensuring the aerodynamic performance of supersonic flight， the aerodynamic design of supersonic civil aircraft needs to satisfy the low speed characteristics required by the project. Especially， attention should be paid to the pitching torque elevation angle and aileron efficiency characteristics at low speed. The CFD numerical method based on Reynolds average Navier-Stokes equation is used to calculate the full velocity aerodynamic characteristics of a typical low-boom supersonic civil aircraft configuration. The reasons for the lack of pitching moment elevation and aileron efficiency are analyzed. The influence of leading-edge radius， leading-edge sagging position and swept angle on the matching of high/low-velocity aerodynamic characteristics is studied. It was evaluated that the optimal scheme had good aerodynamic performance at Ma=1.8 with a lift-to-drag ratio of 8.28. At the same time， when Ma=0.3， the elevation angle of the pitching moment was delayed to 14°， and the efficiency of aileron remained above 80% within the calculated angle of attack. The aerodynamic design scheme of wide-speed-range airfoil satisfying engineering requirements is proposed. It is practical to solve the problem of matching high/low-speed aerodynamic characteristics of supersonic civil aircraft.
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