展向多参数可变的新型宽速域乘波体设计方法-重大问题专栏

段佳昕; 刘愿; 高亮杰; 钱战森

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32109

航空学报 >

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32109

展向多参数可变的新型宽速域乘波体设计方法-重大问题专栏

段佳昕 ,
刘愿 ,
高亮杰 ,
钱战森

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中国航空工业空气动力研究院

收稿日期: 2025-04-11

修回日期: 2025-06-28

网络出版日期: 2025-07-03

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A novel wide-speed range waverider design method with variable multi-parameter along the spanwise

DUAN Jia-Xin ,
LIU Yuan ,
GAO Liang-Jie ,
QIAN Zhan-Sen

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Received date: 2025-04-11

Revised date: 2025-06-28

Online published: 2025-07-03

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摘要

摘要：乘波体因其在高超声速条件下通过激波压缩效应产生的高升阻比特性，成为高超声速飞行器布局设计的重点研究方向，但也存在非设计工况下气动性能急剧恶化、气动性能与容积难以兼顾等难题。针对上述问题，发展了一种基于吻切理论的展向多参数可调控乘波体设计方法，通过不同马赫数-激波角组合的基准流场生成特征流线族，实现激波系空间分布的主动调控，进而兼顾非设计点气动性能和容积需求。研究结果表明，该设计方法所获得的乘波体流场结构与数值仿真结果一致，设计方法可靠；在保持等容积、等长度和等宽度的约束条件下，相对于定参数设计的传统乘波体，展向多参数可变乘波体的升阻比提升幅度平均约17.01%，升力系数提高平均约12.63%；宽马赫数（Ma6-10）范围内新构型的升阻比衰减率控制在1.8%以内，显著提升了乘波体宽速域的气动性能。该乘波体设计方法通过展向参数主动调控实现了气动性能与容积的协同设计，为突破传统乘波体性能局限提供了新思路，对宽速域高超声速飞行器工程应用具有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词： 宽速域; 变马赫数; 变激波角; 吻切乘波体; 高超声速

本文引用格式

段佳昕 , 刘愿 , 高亮杰 , 钱战森 . 展向多参数可变的新型宽速域乘波体设计方法-重大问题专栏[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32109

Abstract

The waverider configuration has emerged as a pivotal research focus in hypersonic vehicle design due to its high lift-to-drag ratio characteristics achieved through shock compression effects. However, it faced inherent challenges including significant degradation of aerodynamic performance at off-design conditions and persistent difficulties in balancing aerodynamic performance with volume. To address these issues, this study developed a novel waverider design method with variable multi-parameter along the spanwise based on osculating theory. By generating characteristic streamline families from basic flowfields with varying Mach number-shock angle combinations, the approach achieved active control of shock wave spatial distribution, thereby simultaneously addressing off-design aerodynamic performance and volumetric requirements. Results showed consistent flowfield structure between the designed waverider and numerical simulations, confirming method reliability. Under fixed-volume, fixed-length, and fixed-width constraints, variable multi-parameter waverider along the spanwise delivered average improvements of 17.01% in lift-to-drag ratio and 12.63% in lift coefficient versus conventional fixed-parameter waveriders. The novel waverider maintained lift-to-drag ratio attenuation below 1.8% across Ma6-10, significantly enhancing wide-speed aerodynamic performance. This methodology established a synergistic design framework for aerodynamic performance and volume through active spanwise parameter control, offering an innovative solution to overcome the limitations of the traditional waverider. The results provide valuable insights for engineering applications of wide-speed hypersonic vehicles.

Key words： wide-speed; variable Mach number; variable shock angle; osculating waverider; hypersonic

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