一种面向超声速民机低声爆布局的全声爆毯优化设计方法（备注：超声速民机专刊）

陈晴; 韩忠华; 张科施; 乔建领; 丁玉临; 宋文萍; 李军府; 谢露; 艾俊强

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31909

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31909

一种面向超声速民机低声爆布局的全声爆毯优化设计方法（备注：超声速民机专刊）

陈晴 ,
韩忠华 ,
张科施 ,
乔建领 ,
丁玉临 ,
宋文萍 ,
李军府 ,
谢露 ,
艾俊强

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1. 西北工业大学航空学院
2. 西北工业大学
3. 中航工业第一飞机设计研究院
4. 航空工业第一飞机设计研究院

收稿日期: 2025-02-27

修回日期: 2025-06-16

网络出版日期: 2025-06-16

基金资助

国家自然科学基金;国家自然科学基金;国家重点研发计划

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A Full-carpet Design Optimization Method for Low-boom Supersonic Transport Configuration

CHEN Qing ,
HAN Zhong-Hua ,
ZHANG Ke-Shi ,
QIAO Jian-Ling ,
DING Yu-Lin ,
SONG Wen-Ping ,
LI Jun-Fu ,
XIE Lu ,
AI Jun-Qiang

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Received date: 2025-02-27

Revised date: 2025-06-16

Online published: 2025-06-16

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摘要

声爆不达标是发展新一代超声速民机亟待突破的瓶颈问题。现有的低声爆设计方法仅针对正下方或侧向单一方位角，其声爆降低往往导致其他方向声爆增强，使得声爆仍不达标。针对该问题，本文基于“近场CFD数值模拟结合远场广义Burgers方程”的高可信度声爆预测方法，提出了全声爆毯声爆强度（full-carpet sonic boom loudness, FBL）这一物理量。FBL通过对声爆毯内的感觉声压级分布进行积分，综合考虑不同方位角声爆强度与影响范围，从而建立全声爆毯声爆特性的度量。基于FBL，在代理优化框架下发展了一种全声爆毯低声爆设计方法。将该方法应用于某超声速民机低声爆布局设计，结果表明：全声爆毯内所有方位角的声爆强度均降低，感觉声压级最大值降低到81.16分贝，最小值降低至77.57分贝。流场分析显示：设计的机翼上反分布改善了后体波系结构，削弱了远场尾激波强度，减小了地面信号的中高频段声能量。相较于现有单一方位角低声爆设计方法，本文方法能在声爆毯更大范围内获得更低的感觉声压级分布，具有更优的降低声爆效果。论文研究可为超声速民机布局低声爆设计提供有力手段。

关键词： 超声速民机; 声爆; 低声爆布局; 全声爆毯; 低声爆优化设计

本文引用格式

陈晴 , 韩忠华 , 张科施 , 乔建领 , 丁玉临 , 宋文萍 , 李军府 , 谢露 , 艾俊强 . 一种面向超声速民机低声爆布局的全声爆毯优化设计方法（备注：超声速民机专刊）[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31909

Abstract

Reducing the sonic boom to a community-acceptable level across the full carpet is a significant challenge for the development of next-generation supersonic transport (SST). Existing low-boom design methods focus only on one azimuth angle, leading to an unacceptable boom at other locations across the boom carpet. To solve this problem, this paper formulates a metric termed full-carpet boom loudness (FBL) based on CFD simulation combined with the augmented Burgers equation. FBL can account for both the contribution of ground loudness and spatial influ-ence area at different azimuth angles. By integrating the FBL and surrogate-based optimization framework, a full-carpet low-boom design optimization method is proposed. Then, the proposed method is applied to the low-boom design of an SST configuration. Results show that sonic booms at all azimuth angles are mitigated across the full carpet, where the maximum loudness is reduced to 81.16 PLdB while the minimum loudness is reduced to 77.57 PLdB. The shock wave pattern of designed configuration is improved and tail shocks of far-field signatures are mit-igated. Compared to the existing method focusing only on one azimuth angle, the proposed method outperforms in boom reduction, obtaining a lower ground loudness distribution. This research may support the low-boom design of SST configurations.

Key words： supersonic transport; sonic boom; low-boom configuration; full carpet; low-boom design optimization

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