基于RD-S校正的叶端整剖面间隙微波测量方法

樊薇; 陈赛赛; 熊玉勇; 鲁金忠

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31607

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31607

基于RD-S校正的叶端整剖面间隙微波测量方法

樊薇 ,
陈赛赛 ,
熊玉勇 ,
鲁金忠

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1. 江苏大学
2. 上海交通大学

收稿日期: 2024-12-03

修回日期: 2025-01-25

网络出版日期: 2025-02-10

基金资助

基于微波感知的航空发动机叶端整剖面间隙及振动传感机理与协同监测;航空发动机叶端间隙全貌微波动态表征及监测理论

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Microwave-based Blade tip profile clearance measurement through RD-S correction

FAN Wei ,
CHEN Sai-Sai ,
XIONG Yu-Yong ,
LU Jin-Zhong

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Received date: 2024-12-03

Revised date: 2025-01-25

Online published: 2025-02-10

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摘要

对复杂形貌叶端的整剖面间隙进行非接触、高精度的测量是保障航空发动机安全高效运行的关键。在利用120 GHz微波传感器进行叶端整剖面间隙测量中，静态回波信号受幅值调制干扰导致传统方法难以有效估计回波信号的不平衡参数，端面动态回波信号反映的间隙信息易出现临界相位突变现象，为叶端整剖面间隙的静动态测量带来极大挑战。为此，本文首先针对幅值调制下不平衡参数估计问题，提出了比值差分-频谱（Ratio Differention-Spectrum, RD-S）校正方法，利用I/Q信号的衰减一致性，通过比值差分过程消除静态回波信号中幅值调制项的干扰，随后通过主频和镜频分量实现了不平衡参数估计。其次针对临界相位突变现象，利用棣莫弗定理并结合幅-相信息，克服了临界相位突变的干扰并实现任意半波长内剖面间隙的测量。实验结果表明，在静态测量中所提RD-S校正方法较传统校正方法的解调位移误差平均降低79.2%，平均位移校正误差为1.31 μm，非线性度小于0.06%。进行叶端间隙动态测量时，在300 μm相对间隙变化内的平均测量误差小于2.5 μm，H形叶片凹腔深度的测量平均误差为2.09 μm。

关键词： 叶端间隙; 微波测量; RD-S矫正; 整剖面间隙; 相位差; 频谱校正

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樊薇 , 陈赛赛 , 熊玉勇 , 鲁金忠 . 基于RD-S校正的叶端整剖面间隙微波测量方法[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31607

Abstract

The non-contact, high-precision measurement of complex blade tip profile clearance is critical for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of aero-engines. In a 120 GHz microwave sensor-based static and dynamic measurement system, the static echo signal is affected by amplitude modulation interference, while the tip information reflected by the dynamic echo signal from complex-shaped blades is susceptible to abrupt boundary phase changes. These challenges significantly hinder accurate static and dynamic measurements of blade tip profile clearance. To address these issues, this paper first introduces the Ratio Differentiation-Spectrum (RD-S) correction method to estimate imbalance parameters under amplitude modulation. This method leverages the attenuation consistency of I/Q signals to eliminate amplitude modulation interference in static echo signals via ratio differentiation and subsequently estimates imbalance parameters using the main and mirror frequency components. Secondly, by employing the Deimoffer theorem and integrating amplitude-phase information, the method miti-gates boundary phase mutation effects and enables the measurement of tip profile clearance across any half-wavelength. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RD-S correction method in static measurements reduces the demod-ulation displacement error by an average of 79.2% in comparison with the conventional correction method, achieving an average displacement error of 1.31 μm and a nonlinearity of less than 0.06%. In dynamic measurements, the method achieves an average blade tip clearance error of less than 2.5 μm within a relative tip variation range of 300 μm. Additionally, the average measurement error for the concave depth of H-shaped blades is 2.09 μm.

Key words： Blade tip clearance; Microwave measurements; RD-S correction; Blade tip profile clearance; Phase difference; Spectral correction

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