固体发动机药柱加压固化残余应力应变产生与释放机理解析

魏嘉; 于宝石; 张大鹏; 申志彬; 雷勇军

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31661

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31661

固体发动机药柱加压固化残余应力应变产生与释放机理解析

魏嘉 ,
于宝石 ,
张大鹏 ,
申志彬 ,
雷勇军

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1. 中国人民解放军国防科技大学
2. 国防科技大学空天科学学院
3. 国防科技大学

收稿日期: 2024-12-13

修回日期: 2025-01-25

网络出版日期: 2025-02-06

基金资助

固体推进全国重点实验室研究基金资助项目;国防科技大学自主创新科学基金项目;国防科技大学空天科学院青年人才自主研究培育项目

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Analysis of the generation and release mechanism of residual stress and strain in solid rocket motor propellant grain with pressure cure

WEI Jia ,
YU Bao-Shi ,
ZHANG Da-Peng ,
SHEN Zhi-Bin ,
LEI Yong-Jun

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Received date: 2024-12-13

Revised date: 2025-01-25

Online published: 2025-02-06

Supported by

National Key Laboratory of Solid Rocket Propulsion;Independent Innovation Science Fund Project of the National University of Defense Technology;Independent Research and Cultivation Project for Young Talents of College of Aerospace Science and Engineering，National University of Defense Technology

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摘要

为探究加压固化工艺下固体发动机药柱固化残余应力应变的产生与释放机理，基于黏弹性理论、有限差分法和增量法，建立了考虑固化降温过程中热-化-力多物理场耦合的理论模型，揭示了药柱固化残余应力应变的组成、分布和演化规律，获得了药柱温度、固化度与固化残余应力应变之间的映射关系，并进一步优化了药柱固化残余应力应变的释放路径。结果表明，药柱固化残余应力应变主要由固化阶段热膨胀和固化收缩以及降温阶段冷却收缩三部分累积造成，其分别引起的固化残余应力占比约为5%、12%和83%，固化残余应变占比约为-1%、24%和77%。降温阶段随着药柱内部温度降低，固化残余应力应变线性增大。采用理论模型计算得到了加压固化工艺的最佳压力载荷，其与壳体环向弹性模量呈线性关系。相较于常规加压固化工艺，基于固化响应组成和演化规律优化的工艺路径，可以使固化降温过程中的最大固化残余应力应变平均降低65.5%左右。

关键词： 加压固化; 固体发动机; 热-化-力耦合; 固化残余应力应变; 产生与释放机理

本文引用格式

魏嘉 , 于宝石 , 张大鹏 , 申志彬 , 雷勇军 . 固体发动机药柱加压固化残余应力应变产生与释放机理解析[J]. 航空学报, 0 : 1 -0 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31661

Abstract

To investigate the generation and release mechanism of residual stress and strain in solid rocket motor propellant grain with pressure cure, a theoretical model considering the coupling of thermochemical-mechanical multi physics fields during curing and cooling process was developed based on viscoelastic theory, finite difference method, and incremental method. The composition, distribution and evolution laws of residual stress and strain of grain were revealed. The mapping relationships between temperature, degree of cure, residual stress and strain of grain were obtained. The release path of residual stress and strain of grain was optimized. The results showed that the residual stress and strain of grain were mainly caused by the accumulation of three parts: thermal expansion and cure shrinkage during curing stage, and cooling shrinkage during cooling stage. The residual stress caused by three parts accounted for about 5%, 12% and 83% respectively. The residual strain caused by three parts accounted for about -1%, 24% and 77% respectively. During cooling stage, as the temperature of grain decreases, the residual stress and strain increase linearly. Using the proposed theoretical model, the optimal pressure load of pressure cure technology was calculated, which is linearly related to the circumferential elastic modulus of the case. Compared with the conventional pressure cure technology, the optimized technology based on the composition and evolution laws of response can reduce the maximum residual stress and strain during curing and cooling process by an average of about 65.5%.

Key words： pressure cure; solid rocket motor; thermochemical-mechanical coupling; residual stress and strain; the mechanism of generation and release

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