Hybrid hydrogen fuel cell aircraft is one of the feasible technological routes to reduce carbon emissions in the aviation industry. However, there is a lack of mechanism analysis and quantitative trend research on the impact of different hybrid hydrogen fuel cell technologies on the overall characteristics of aircraft. A sensitivity analysis method for key parameters of hybrid hydrogen fuel cell commercial aircraft is established to study the mechanism and trend of key technical parameters on the overall characteristics of the aircraft. Moreover, the best power allocation strategy is matched according to different technical levels. For the case of a narrow-body aircraft, the results of the sensitivity analysis show that the power density of the hydrogen fuel cell has the greatest impact on the maximum takeoff weight and operating empty weight of the aircraft, while the thrust proportion by hydrogen fuel cell dur-ing cruising has the greatest impact on the carbon emissions of the aircraft, as well as the fuel and carbon tax costs. Under different technical levels, improving the thrust proportion by hydrogen fuel cell during cruising can generally reduce the maximum takeoff weight and fuel and carbon tax costs of the aircraft, but the takeoff thrust proportion by hydrogen fuel cell should not be too large. When the cruise thrust proportion by hydrogen fuel cell is 0.4 and the takeoff thrust proportion by hydrogen fuel cell is 0.15, the aircraft can obtain the lightest maximum takeoff weight and the lowest fuel and carbon tax costs under most hybrid technology development conditions. Compared with traditional aircraft, the hybrid hydrogen fuel cell aircraft will reduce fuel and carbon tax costs by 15%~26% in the next decade.
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