环形喷嘴宽度对高速诱导轮空化特性的影响
收稿日期: 2023-03-22
修回日期: 2023-04-24
录用日期: 2023-05-17
网络出版日期: 2023-06-21
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(52169018)
Effect of annular nozzle breadth on cavitation characteristics of high⁃speed inducer
Received date: 2023-03-22
Revised date: 2023-04-24
Accepted date: 2023-05-17
Online published: 2023-06-21
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52169018)
为改善高速诱导轮的空化性能，本研究基于喷射原理，以某型号高速离心泵为研究对象，设计1种口环引流装置，并确定原始方案和环形喷嘴宽度分别为1 mm、3 mm、5 mm、7 mm、9 mm共6组方案，通过数值计算与试验验证相结合的方法研究了不同方案对高速离心泵外特性和其流道空泡体积的影响以及不同方案对高速诱导轮能量传递和其流场分布的影响。研究发现：高速诱导轮最先在叶片进口吸力面外缘处发生空化，随着空化数的减小，诱导轮轮毂前端也生成了大量沿中心流道向上游继续扩散的圆锥状空泡，最后充满上游流道呈柱状分布，口环引流装置可以通过引射叶轮出口高压流体对诱导轮进口低压区进行压力补偿，且引射流能有效阻止叶顶间隙泄漏流，从而改善诱导轮的空化性能。但本研究的不同宽度方案对其空化性能的改善程度不同，当环形喷嘴宽度为3 mm时，对高速诱导轮空化性能改善效果最佳，临界空化数较原始方案减小了38.24%，即当宽径比λ为0.074时环形喷嘴宽度最佳。
赵伟国 , 强欢欢 , 李兴国 . 环形喷嘴宽度对高速诱导轮空化特性的影响[J]. 航空学报, 2024 , 45(4) : 128730 -128730 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28730
To improve the cavitation performance of the high-speed inducer， this study took a high-speed centrifugal pump as the research object， designed a wear-ring drainage device based on the jet principle， and determined that the original scheme and the annular nozzle breadths are 1 mm， 3 mm， 5 mm， 7 mm and 9 mm， respectively. The influence of different schemes on the external characteristics of the high-speed centrifugal pump and the cavitation volume of its flow passage， as well as on the energy transfer and the flow field distribution of the high-speed inducer was studied by the method of numerical calculation and experimental verification. It is found that the high-speed inducer first cavitates at the outer edge of the suction surface at the inlet of the blade. With the reduction of the cavitation number， a large number of conical cavities continuing to diffuse upstream along the central flow channel are generated at the front end of the inducer hub， and finally fill the upstream flow channel with a columnar distribution. The wear-ring drainage device can compensate the pressure in the low pressure area at the inducer inlet by ejecting high-pressure fluid at the impeller outlet， and the ejecting jet can effectively prevent the tip clearance leakage flow， thus improving the cavitation performance of the inducer. However， different breadth schemes in this study produce different degrees of improvement on its cavitation performance. When the annular nozzle breadth is 3 mm， the cavitation performance of the high-speed inducer is improved best， and the critical cavitation number is reduced by 38.24% compared with the original scheme； that is， when the width diameter ratio λ is 0.074， the annular nozzle breadth is the best.
| 1 | HUANG H B， LONG Y， JI B. Experimental investigation of vortex generator influences on propeller cavitation and hull pressure fluctuations［J］. Journal of Hydrodynamics， 2020， 32（1）： 82-92. |
| 2 | ZHANG M J， HUANG B， WU Q， et al. The interaction between the transient cavitating flow and hydrodynamic performance around a pitching hydrofoil［J］. Renewable Energy， 2020， 161： 1276-1291. |
| 3 | LU G C， ZUO Z G， SUN Y K， et al. Experimental evidence of cavitation influences on the positive slope on the pump performance curve of a low specific speed model pump-turbine［J］. Renewable Energy， 2017， 113： 1539-1550. |
| 4 | ZHU D， XIAO R F， LIU W C. Influence of leading-edge cavitation on impeller blade axial force in the pump mode of reversible pump-turbine［J］. Renewable Energy， 2021， 163： 939-949. |
| 5 | YOON Y， KIM J， SONG S J. Identification of inducer cavitation instabilities using high-speed visualization［J］. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science， 2022， 132： 110548. |
| 6 | 熊英华， 刘影， 赵兴安， 等. 基于代理模型的航空燃油泵空化性能分析［J］. 航空学报， 2016， 37（10）： 2952-2960. |
| XIONG Y H， LIU Y， ZHAO X A， et al. Analysis of cavitation performance of an aviation fuel pump based on surrogate model［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2016， 37（10）： 2952-2960 （in Chinese）. | |
| 7 | GUO X M， ZHU Z C， CUI B L， et al. Effects of the number of inducer blades on the anti-cavitation characteristics and external performance of a centrifugal pump［J］. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology， 2016， 30（7）： 3173-3181. |
| 8 | YAN L L， GAO B， NI D， et al. Numerical analysis on the cavitation characteristics of a pump with an inducer in non-uniform inflow［J］. Ocean Engineering， 2022， 256： 111407. |
| 9 | FU Y X， XIE J F， SHEN Y， et al. Experimental and numerical study on cavitation performances of a turbopump with and without an inducer［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers， Part G： Journal of Aerospace Engineering， 2022， 236（6）： 1098-1111. |
| 10 | HONG S S， KIM D J， KIM J S， et al. Study on inducer and impeller of a centrifugal pump for a rocket engine turbopump［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers， Part C： Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science， 2013， 227（2）： 311-319. |
| 11 | WANG W， XIANG X， TAN T， et al. Experimental investigation of thermal effect on cavitation characteristics in a liquid rocket engine turbopump inducer［J］. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics， 2021， 34（8）：48-57. |
| 12 | 郭晓梅， 李昳， 崔宝玲， 等. 前置不同诱导轮高速离心泵旋转空化特性研究［J］. 航空学报， 2013， 34（7）： 1572-1581. |
| GUO X M， LI Y， CUI B L， et al. Research on the rotation cavitation performance of high-speed rotation centrifugal pump with different pre-positioned inducers［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2013， 34（7）： 1572-1581 （in Chinese）. | |
| 13 | FAN Y D， CHEN T R， LIANG W D， et al. Numerical and theoretical investigations of the cavitation performance and instability for the cryogenic inducer［J］. Renewable Energy， 2022， 184： 291-305. |
| 14 | 程效锐， 杨登峰， 刘明建. 环形槽位置对高速诱导轮空化性能的影响［J］. 排灌机械工程学报， 2021， 39（6）： 548-554. |
| CHENG X R， YANG D F， LIU M J. Influence of annular groove position on cavitation performance of high-speed inducer［J］. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering， 2021， 39（6）： 548-554 （in Chinese）. | |
| 15 | JIANG J， LI Y H， PEI C Y， et al. Cavitation performance of high-speed centrifugal pump with annular jet and inducer at different temperatures and void fractions［J］. Journal of Hydrodynamics， 2019， 31（1）：93-101. |
| 16 | GU Y Q， DAI D S， MOU J G， et al. Influences of jet flow on cavitation performance［J］. World Pumps， 2015， 2015（11）： 32-35. |
| 17 | 王文廷， 许开富， 李永鹏， 等. 缝隙诱导轮多工况汽蚀性能研究［J］. 火箭推进， 2019， 45（1）： 8-13. |
| WANG W T， XU K F， LI Y P， et al. Study on cavitation performance of gap inducer under multi-operating conditions［J］. Journal of Rocket Propulsion， 2019， 45（1）： 8-13 （in Chinese）. | |
| 18 | 康亚卓， 赵兴安， 吴钦， 等. 液体火箭发动机诱导轮非定常空化流动特性数值计算［J］. 排灌机械工程学报， 2020， 38（5）： 462-468. |
| KANG Y Z， ZHAO X A， WU Q， et al. Numerical prediction of unsteady cavitating flow characteristics in turbo-pump inducer for liquid rocket engine［J］. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering， 2020， 38（5）： 462-468 （in Chinese）. | |
| 19 | 杨宝锋， 李斌， 陈晖， 等. 液体火箭发动机推进剂泵诱导轮与离心轮的匹配［J］. 航空学报， 2019， 40（5）： 122609. |
| YANG B F， LI B， CHEN H， et al. Matching effect between inducer and impeller in a liquid rocket engine propellant pump［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2019， 40（5）： 122609 （in Chinese）. | |
| 20 | 王福军. 计算流体动力学分析： CFD软件原理与应用［M］. 北京： 清华大学出版社， 2004. |
| WANG F J. Computational fluid dynamics analysis： Principle and application of CFD software［M］. Beijing： Tsinghua University Press， 2004 （in Chinese）. | |
| 21 | ZWART P J， GERBER A G， BELAMRI T. A two-phase flow model for predicting cavitation dynamics［C］. Yokohama： ICMF 2004 International Conference on Multiphase Flow， 2004. |
| 22 | 刘厚林， 刘东喜， 王勇， 等. 三种空化模型在离心泵空化流计算中的应用评价［J］. 农业工程学报， 2012， 28（16）： 54-59. |
| LIU H L， LIU D X， WANG Y， et al. Applicative evaluation of three cavitating models on cavitating flow calculation in centrifugal pump［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering， 2012， 28（16）： 54-59 （in Chinese）. | |
| 23 | LIU H L， WANG Y， LIU D X， et al. Assessment of a turbulence model for numerical predictions of sheet-cavitating flows in centrifugal pumps？［J］. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology， 2013， 27（9）： 2743-2750. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
CJA