舰载战斗机是航空母舰上的主要武器，为满足舰面起飞、着舰和停放等要求，舰载机需围绕起落架系统、拦阻钩系统和翼面折叠系统等"特征结构"进行设计。先进舰载战斗机着舰冲击能量是陆基飞机的6倍以上、拦阻带来的水平载荷超过陆基飞机的15倍，因此特征结构的高载荷对强度设计提出了更高的要求。围绕舰载机"特征结构"及"特征载荷"，开展了主要的设计工作，包括："特征载荷"计算，即起落架载荷、拦阻载荷和折叠载荷计算；"特征结构"的强度设计及试验验证，包括起落架系统、拦阻系统、翼面折叠系统的动力学仿真计算、静/疲强度分析、折叠翼面的非线性颤振分析以及综合试验验证；"特征载荷"对其他机体结构强度的影响分析，包括着舰载荷对起落架支撑结构强度的影响、拦阻载荷对后机身支撑结构强度的影响、拦阻着舰的全机动力学响应以及着舰载荷与拦阻载荷的共同作用对全机结构强度的影响；体现舰载机"特征结构"强度特点的试验验证方法等。上述研究成果已成功应用于先进舰载战斗机设计中。
Carrier-based aircraft is the main weapon in aircraft carrier. In order to meet the requirements of taking off, landing and parking, the design of the carrier aircraft must be centered around "characteristic structures" such as the landing gear system, arresting hook system, and wing folding system. The impact energy of the advanced carrier aircraft is more than 6 times that that of the land-based aircraft, and the horizontal load brought by interception is 15 times higher than that of the land-based aircraft. Therefore, high load on the "characteristic structures" presents higher requirements on the strength design. This paper details the design work around the "characteristic structures" and "characteristic loads" of the carrier aircraft, including calculation of "characteristic loads", i.e. landing gear load, barrage load and folding load; strength design and test verification of "characteristic structures" including dynamic simulation of the landing gear system, barrage system and wing folding system, static/fatigue strength analysis, flutter analysis of folding wing surface, and post-test analysis of the impact of drag force on the body structure strength; analysis of dynamic response of landing on ship and influence of the combined action of landing load and barrage load on the strength of the aircraft structure; discussion of the test verification methods reflecting the strength characteristics of the "characteristic structures" of the carrier aircraft. The above research results have been successfully applied to the design of advanced carrier aircraft.
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