针对新型舰载机拦阻钩设计初期技术人员关心的拦阻钩结构参数的选型问题，以某拦阻钩为研究对象，基于刚体碰撞理论建立了拦阻钩碰撞反弹动力学模型，研究了拦阻钩碰撞反弹的动力学特性。通过拦阻钩碰撞反弹试验对碰撞模型进行了参数修正，分析和对比了不同缓冲器安装形式下拦阻钩碰撞反弹特性，论述了重心位置、缓冲器油孔半径和初始压强对拦阻钩反弹动力学性能的影响，最后提出了一种拦阻钩缓冲器结构参数优化设计方法并进行了参数优化。结果表明：Ⅱ型缓冲器安装形式更优；随着拦阻钩重心位置距上铰接点长度增大，弹跳高度增大，缓冲器作用力减小；随着缓冲器油孔半径增大，弹跳高度增大，缓冲器作用力减小；初始压强增大，弹跳高度减小，缓冲器作用力增大。
Aiming at the selection of structural parameters at the early stage of arresting hook design for new type carrier-borne aircraft, taking an arresting hook as the research object and based on the theory of rigid body collision, we establish the kinetic model of arresting hook collision rebound and study its kinetic characteristics. The collision model parameters are modified via hook collision rebound tests, and the arresting hook collision rebound characteristics with different buffer installation forms are analyzed and compared. The effects of the center-of-gravity position, buffer oil hole radius, and the initial pressure on the properties of arresting hook bounce dynamics are further discussed, and an optimization design method for arresting hook buffer structural parameters is finally proposed and the parameter optimization is performed. The results show that the type Ⅱ buffer installation form is better than other forms. With the increase of the distance between the center of gravity of the arresting hook and the upper hinge point, the rebound height increases and the buffer force decreases. When the buffer oil hole radius increases, the rebound height increases, and the buffer force decreases. However, the rebound height decreases and the buffer force increases with the increase of the initial pressure.
[1] 彭一明, 聂宏. 舰载飞机着舰时拦阻钩碰撞反弹动力学分析[J]. 航空学报, 2017, 38(11):221233. PENG Y M, NIE H. Dynamics analysis of arresting hook bounce after touchdown and impacting with deck[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2017, 38(11):221233(in Chinese).
[2] 《飞机设计手册》总编委会. 飞机设计手册第14册起飞着陆系统设计[M]. 北京:航空工业出版社, 2002:95-170. The Chief Committee of Aircraft Design Manual. Aircraft design manual:Takeoff and landing system design[M]. Beijing:Aviation Industry Press, 2002:95-170(in Chinese).
[3] 聂宏,彭一明,魏小辉,等. 舰载飞机着舰拦阻动力学研究综述[J]. 航空学报, 2014, 35(1):1-12. NIE H, PENG Y M, WEI X H, et al. Overview of carrier-based aircraft arrested deck-land dynamics[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2014,35(1):1-12(in Chinese).
[4] THOMLINSON J. A study of the aircraft arresting-hook bounce problem:R. & M. No. 2980[R]. London:Her Majesty`s Stationery Office, 1957.
[5] JONES L W. Development of curves for estimating aircraft arresting hook loads:ADA119551[R]. California:Edwards Air Force Base, 1982.
[6] Engineered Arresting Systems Corporation. Safety bulletin[R]. Plasisir Credex:Engineering Arresting System Corporation, 2004.
[7] ZHU Q D, MENG X, ZHANG Z. Simulation research on motion law of arresting hook during landing[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013, 300-301:997-1002.
[8] 范学伟, 吴永康, 吴少波, 等. 拦阻钩触舰反弹动态分析及缓冲性能研究[J]. 飞机设计, 2015, 35(1):6-12,52. FAN X W, WU Y K, WU S B, et al. A research on collision process of arresting hook and cushioning properties of the buffer[J]. Aircraft Design, 2015, 35(1):6-12,52(in Chinese).
[9] 高泽迥. 飞机拦阻钩振动运动学和拦索动力学研究[J]. 航空学报, 1990, 11(12):B543-B548. GAO Z J. A discussion of bounce kinematics of aircraft arresting hook and cable dynamics[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 1990, 11(12):B543-B548(in Chinese).
[10] 柳刚,聂宏. 拦阻钩初次碰撞道面反弹动力学[J]. 航空学报, 2009, 30(9):1672-1677. LIU G, NIE H. Dynamics of arresting hook bounce after initial touchdown and impacting with deck[J]. Acta Aeronuatica et Astronutica Sinica, 2009, 30(9):1672-1677(in Chinese).
[11] 柳刚,聂宏. 飞机拦阻钩碰撞动力学和拦阻钩纵向阻尼器性能[J]. 航空学报, 2009, 30(11):2093-2099. LIU G, NIE H. Dynamics of bounce of aircraft arresting hook impacting with deck and performance of arresting hook longitudinal damper[J]. Acta Aeronuatica et Astronutica Sinica, 2009, 30(11):2093-2099(in Chinese).
[12] 杨全伟. 舰载飞机拦阻钩载荷实测方法研究[J]. 航空学报, 2015, 36(4):1162-1168. YANG Q W. Research flight measurement method of a carrier-based aircraft hook loads[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinca, 2015,36(4):1162-1168(in Chinese).
[13] 豆清波,杨正权,刘继军,等. 拦阻钩缓冲器动力学性能试验研究与分析[J]. 机械科学与技术, 2019, 38(8):1307-1312. DOU Q B, YANG Z Q,LIU J J, et al. On the gas compression polytropic index variation of oil-gas type landing gear based on drop test[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology, 2019, 38(8):1307-1312(in Chinese).
[14] 李乾,徐华,张越,等. 基于约束的刚体碰撞响应仿真研究与应用[J]. 计算机仿真, 2020,37(3):338-342. LI Q, XU H, ZHANG Y,et al. Research on constraint-based collision response simulation of rigid body and its application[J]. Computer Simulation, 2020,37(3):338-342(in Chinese).
[15] 王旭鹏. 机构碰撞动力学:含间隙铰链机构非线性接触力建模和碰撞动力学研究[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2018:44-49. WANG X P. Mechanism impact dynamics:Mechanism impact dynamics[M]. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2018:44-49(in Chinese).
[16] 刘川. 理论力学[M]. 北京:北京大学出版社2019:406-413. LIU C. Theoretical mechanics[M]. Beijing:Peking University Press, 2019:406-413(in Chinese).
[17] 韩叙虹,钱呈祥. 也谈完碰撞的恢复系数[J]. 物理教学, 2015, 37(1):17-20. HAN X H, QIAN C X. On the collision and the coefficient of restitution[J]. Physics Teaching, 2015, 37(1):17-20(in Chinese).
[18] 许立新, 李永刚. 含关节滚动轴承的多体系统碰撞动力学研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 2013, 26(2):246-251. XU L X, LI Y G. A study on impact dynamics of multibody systems with rolling element bearing joints[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2013, 26(2):246-251(in Chinese).
[19] 谢建华,乐源,李登辉. 非线性动力学[M]北京:科学出版社, 2018:79-85. XIE J H, LE Y, LI D H. Nonlinear dynamics[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2018:79-85(in Chinese).
[20] 郑劲东. 国外舰载飞机甲板用防滑涂层的研究与进展[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2003, 25(5):87-89. ZHENG J D. Development and progress in nonskid coatings for aircraft carrier decks[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2003, 25(5):87-89(in Chinese).
CJA